The gradual decline of the Roman Empire ushered in an era of European history called the ______________, or medieval period. It spanned from 500-1500
Middle Ages
100
By the 1100's the code of _______, a complex set of ideals, demanded that a knight fight bravely in defense of three masters; his feudal lord, his heavenly lord, and his chosen lady.
Chivalry
100
________ married two kings in her lifetime; King Louis VII of France, and King Henry II of England. Her English sons were Richard the Lion-Hearted and John.
Eleanor of Aquitaine
100
Which of the following was NOT caused by the invasion of Germanic groups into the western half of the Roman Empire?
Disruption of Trade, Rise of Knights, Downfall of Cities
Rise of Knights
100
The main goal of the Crusades was to:
A-Pray in Jerusalem
B-Regain the Holy Land
C-Open Trade Routes
D-Make Peace with Muslims
B-Regain the Holy Land
200
To adapt to rural conditions, the Church built religious communities called _______________, where Christian men called monks gave up all their private possessions.
Monasteries
200
All medieval Christians, kings and peasants alike, were subjected to _________, or law of the Church, in matters such as marriage and religious practices.
Canon Law
200
In 1295, King Edward of England summoned two burgesses from every borough and two knights from every county to serve as a ________.
Parliament
200
True or False: When Leo II conferred the title of "Roman Emperor" on Charlemagne, it signaled the joining of Germanic powers, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire.
True
200
The Magna Carta was created because
A-King John was Excommunicating Nobles
B-Nobles wanted a French King
C-King John kept raising taxes
D-Peasants couldn't pay nobles
C-King John kept raising taxes
300
After 771, Charles, known as_____________, or Charles the Great, quickly seized control of the entire kingdom. He was the first European king to be crowned "Roman Emperor" by Pope Leo III.
Charlemagne
300
Shortly after an appeal from Emperor Alexius Comnenus, Pope Urban II issued a call for what he termed a "holy war", a ____________, to gain control of the Holy Land.
Crusade
300
France's central government was made even stronger during the reign of _______, who ruled from 1226 to 1270.
Louis IX
300
During the Age of Invasions (700-1000), which of the following was NOT a group invading Europe.
Muslims, Vikings, Germanic Tribes, Magyars
Germanic Tribes
300
True or False: John Wycliffe was offended by the life of poverty many clergy lived, and thought they should have more luxury.
False
400
The _____________ sailed from the region of Scandinavia to raid and loot English villages and monasteries.
Vikings
400
In 1187, Europeans were shocked to learn that Jerusalem itself had fallen to the Muslim leader __________.
Saladin
400
The __________ began when the French elected two popes. Each declared the other false, and excommunicated them.
Great Schism
400
The first stage of becoming a knight was to be a:
A-squire
B-page
C-apprentice
D-noble
B-page
400
As the pope could do nothing to end it, the __________ led people to turn away from the Church.
Bubonic Plague
500
As Viking invasions declined, Europe became the target of new assaults. The ___________, a group of nomadic people, attacked from the east. They were superb horseback riders, and invaded western Europe in the late 800's.
Magyars
500
The Third Crusade to recapture Jerusalem was led by three powerful kings. They were French King Philip, German Emperor Frederick I, and English King ___________________.
Richard the Lion-Hearted
500
The Church was further challenged in the late 1300's and early 1400's when Englishman __________ preached that Jesus Christ, not the pope, was the true head of the Church. He was offended by the wealth and life of luxury that many clergy lived.
John Wycliffe
500
True or False: One abuse that distressed Church Reformers was that village priests were not getting married and having families.
False
500
True or False: During the Hundred Years War, English victories using bowmen led to a decline in the status of knights.