States of Matter
This state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
What is a liquid?
Melting an ice cube, tearing paper, and dissolving sugar in water are all examples of this type of change.
What is a physical change?
The mathematical formula used to calculate the density of an object.
What is Density = Mass / Volume
Flammability, toxicity, and reactivity with acid are all classified as this type of property.
What are chemical properties?
A pure substance that consists of only one type of atom and cannot be broken down by chemical means.
What is an element?
This high-energy state of matter consists of ionized gas with free electrons and ions, commonly found in stars and neon signs.
What is plasma?
Tearing paper, melting ice, and crushing an aluminum can are all examples of this type of change.
What is a physical change?
A block of aluminum has a mass of 54 g and a volume of 20 cm^3. Its density is...
What is 2.7 g/cm^3?
Mass, volume, and length are classified as extensive properties because they depend on this.
What is the amount of matter present?
Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and table salt (NaCl) are examples of this class of matter.
What are compounds?
Particles in this state are tightly packed in fixed positions and only vibrate in place.
What is a solid?
Baking a cake, iron rusting, and burning wood are all examples of this type of change.
What is a chemical change?
Calculate the mass of a 15 mL liquid sample with a density of 1.2 g/mL.
What is 18 grams?
Density, boiling point, and color remain the same regardless of sample size, classifying them as this type of property.
What are intensive properties?
The smallest unit of an element that retains all the chemical properties of that element.
What is an atom?
Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume).
What is matter?
This type of change alters the form, size, or state of a substance, but does not change its chemical identity or composition.
What is a physical change?
A sample of pure silver has a mass of 105 g and a density of 10.5 g/cm^3. Calculate the volume of the silver sample.
What is 10 cm^3
Explain why density is considered an intensive physical property even though it is calculated using two extensive properties (mass and volume).
What is because the ratio of mass to volume remains constant regardless of sample size?
The key difference between how elements combine in a compound versus how they combine in a mixture.
What is compounds are chemically bonded in fixed ratios, while mixtures are physically combined in variable ratios?
This state of matter has no definite shape and no definite volume, expanding completely to fill whatever container it is placed in.
What is a gas?
This type of change occurs when one or more substances break and reform chemical bonds, transforming into entirely new substances with different properties.
What is a chemical change?
A rock dropped into a graduated cylinder with 20mL of water causes the level to rise to 28 mL. If its mass is 24 g, its density is...
What is 3 g/mL?
Mass and volume depend on the amount of matter in a sample, making them this type of physical property.
What are extensive properties?
Pure copper wire (Cu) is an element, whereas brass (a blend of copper and zinc) is classified as this type of matter.
What is a homogeneous mixture (or alloy)?