Components of an ecosystem
how organisms use matter
relationships between organisms
Ecosystem ups and downs
modeling the movement of matter
100
A living part of an ecosystem, like a plant, an animal, or a mushroom.
A living part of an ecosystem, like a plant, an animal, or a mushroom.
100
The green substance in leaves captures energy from sunlight. What is it called?
What is chlorophyll?
100
An animal that hunts and eats other animals.
What is a predator?
100
Define succession
Plants and animals coming into a new environment or one that was recently devastated by a disaster (fire, flood, drought etc.)
100
A diagram that shows how matter and energy pass from one organism to the next, in a single path.
What is a food chain?
200
Sunlight, water, soil, and air are examples of this kind of factor.
What are abiotic factors?
200
Plants need these three things for photosynthesis.
What are sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide?
(Also accepting nutrients)
200
The animal that gets hunted and eaten by a predator.
What is prey?
200
Name two things a healthy ecosystem has enough of for its organisms to survive.
Any two of: food, water, shelter/space, sunlight
200
Decomposers break down dead plants and animals and return nutrients to this.
What is the soil?
300
All the living things in an area are called this. Add the nonliving things and you get an ecosystem.
What is a community?
300
Where does a plant get its water?
What about its carbon dioxide?
What are Roots and Stomata
300
When two organisms need the same limited resource, like food, water, or space, this is what happens between them.
What is competition?
300
A wildfire is a natural change, and building a highway through a forest is a human-caused change. Name one more example of each type.
Natural: flood, drought, storm. Human-caused: pollution, cutting down trees, introducing a new species.
300
Animals breathe out this gas, and plants take it in from the air to make food.
What is carbon dioxide?
400
Name all of the producers in this food web
Cactus(es), bush, tree
400
Describe what type of consumer the owl, bat and coyote are.
Owl: Primary consumer, herbivore.
Bat: Secondary consumer, carnivore.
Coyote: Tertiary consumer, Carnivore.
400
Name a complete food chain from this food web.
Many different correct answers, arrows must be going the correct way, food chain much start with the sun and end with decomposer.
400
A long drought kills the cactus. Name two organisms that would be affected first.
any 2 primary consumer
400
In the chain grass → grasshopper → bird, what do the arrows show?
The direction matter and energy move, from the food to the organism that eats it
500
Name one secondary consumer and tertiary consumer in this food web. Why?
500
A plant uses carbon dioxide and water to make sugar. A mouse eats the seeds. Describe two ways the mouse's body uses the matter from that food.
For energy (metabolism), and for growth and repair
500
The Bat is suddenly removed from the ecosystem. List all of the impacts on the rest of the food web.
Snake and Hawk have less food and need to eat more rabbits, owls, and mice. There are less mice, owls and rabbits because of this. There are a lot of extra cactus because it is the main food source of the herbivores listed. Because the beetle's only predator is the bat, there are much more beetles, and because there are less of the other cactus eaters, they have even more food. Because the bat was removed, the beetles population has exploded.
500
Hunters remove all the coyotes. Predict what happens to the goat population, then to the pickles, and explain why.
Goat population increase because their predator is gone, then eat more pickles, so the pickles population decreases. Eventually the goat may run out of food
500
Build a model: show how matter in the air could become part of a lion and later return to the environment. Use at least four steps.
Carbon dioxide in the air → plant (photosynthesis) → herbivore eats the plant → lion eats the herbivore → when the lion dies or breathes out, decomposers and the air return matter to the environment