Neurons
What is the cell body?
the part of a neuron (nerve cell) that contains the nucleus and most organelles.
Acetylcholine
important for muscle control, autonomic body functions, and in learning, memory, and attention.
Central nervous system
Frontal Lobe
The frontal lobes are considered our behaviour and emotional control centre and home to our personality.
Medulla
Your medulla oblongata is the bottom-most part of your brain. Its location means it's where your brain and spinal cord connect, making it a key conduit for nerve signals to and from your body. It also helps control vital processes like your heartbeat, breathing and blood pressure.
What is an Axon?
the long, thin, hollow, cylindrical extension of a neuron that normally carries a nerve impulse away from the cell body
Dopamine
Dopamine is responsible for allowing you to feel pleasure, satisfaction and motivation.
Peripheral nervous system
Peripheral nerves reside outside your brain and spinal cord. They relay information between your brain and the rest of your body. The peripheral nervous system is divided into two main parts
parietal lobe
the parietal lobe processes sensory information it receives from the outside world, mainly relating to touch, taste, and temperature.
Pons
Your pons is a part of your brainstem, a structure that links your brain to your spinal cord. It handles unconscious processes and jobs, such as your sleep-wake cycle and breathing.
What are dendrites?
a branching, threadlike extension of the cell body that increases the receptive surface of a neuron and receive communications from other cells.
Serotonin
regulates your mood.
somatic nervous system
The somatic nervous system is a component of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of the body movements via the use of skeletal muscles.
occipital lobe
The occipital lobes sit at the back of the head and are responsible for visual perception, including colour, form and motion.
reticular formation
the reticular formation is a network of neurons extending throughout the brainstem with a job to regulate alertness, sleep, and wakefulness.
What is action potential?
a temporary shift (from negative to positive) in the neuron's membrane potential caused by ions suddenly flowing in and out of the neuron which terminates in the release of chemical signals in the form of neurotransmitters.
Endorphins
helps relieve pain, reduce stress and improve mood.
Automatic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system is a component of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary physiologic processes including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal
Temporal Lobe
They are most commonly associated with processing auditory information and with the encoding of memory.
thalamus
Your thalamus is your body's information relay station. All information from your body's senses (except smell) must be processed through your thalamus before being sent to your brain's cerebral cortex for interpretation. Your thalamus also plays a role in sleep, wakefulness, consciousness, learning and memory.
What is the Threshold?
The level that a depolarization must reach for an action potential to occur.
GABA/Glutamate
Regulates sleep-wake cycles/learning and long term memory
Sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous systems
The part of the nervous system that increases heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and pupil size. It also causes blood vessels to narrow and decreases digestive juices./Your parasympathetic nervous system is a network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger. It also helps run life-sustaining processes, like digestion, during times when you feel safe and relaxed.
Motor/Sensory cortex
The primary function of the motor cortex is to generate signals to direct the movement of the body. It is part of the frontal lobe/Its primary function is to detect sensory information from the body regarding temperature, proprioception, touch, texture, and pain.. located in parietal lobe
Cerebellum
the Cerebellum initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature.