Vocabulary
The type of government in which a king or queen have ALL the power (2 words)
Absolute Monarchy
Thomas Hobbes' view of humans was that they are naturally ___________.
Selfish
Europe
In France, what was the first name of the kings during this time period?
Louis
Who, ultimately, had the power in a government led by religious authority?
God
French King Louis XVI inherited a ________ fueled by war debts, inequitable taxation, and royal extravagance.
disaster
The type of government in which a king or queen have limited power (2 words)
Constitutional Monarchy
John Locke said what 3 things were natural rights for all people?
Life, Liberty, & Property
Along with France and Russia, it is the other of the 3 countries that had strong absolute monarchies.
Spain
Just like a US Supreme Court justice, how long would a monarch typically serve in their role?
For life
2 parts: The National Assembly in France was split into how many estates? Which estate was the largest?
3 estates; Largest = 3rd estate (98% of population)
How were King Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette executed?
Guillotine (Beheaded)
What was another term for peasants, usually used during feudal times?
Serfs
Jean-Jacques Rosseau was the only of the Enlightenment thinkers who experienced what?
What area of continent was Russia worried that Prussia was going to expand to, threatening their power?
Eastern Europe
Which ruler of Prussia was known as a great tactician, which led to military victories in which they were outnumbered?
What is the name of the group that makes the laws in a Constitutional Monarchy? (Like Congress)
Parliament
What medieval fortress was stormed, as it was seen as a symbol of royal tyranny?
Bastille
The first official attempt to curb the rule of monarchs was what document passed in 1215?
Magna Carta
Montesquieu believed that government should have branches so one cannot be more powerful than the other. What is that called?
Separation of Powers OR Checks and Balances
Prussia was in what modern-day country?
Germany
Maria Theresa was the only female leader we learned about. What country was she the empress of?
Austria
Scientific Reasoning in government was mainly because of which shift in political thought?
Enlightenment
It is estimated that how many people were executed for being "counter-revolutionary?"
17,000
The term for a ruler (or group) who uses their authority to unfairly and cruelly to infringe on people's freedom in known as a ________.
Tyrant
With the exception of Hobbes, the other 3 Enlightenment thinkers thought who (or group) actually held the power?
The People
What was the name of the battle that George Washington led as a warning signal for the French?
Battle of Jumonville
Who led the British in their Naval battles against the French?
William Pitt
What was the name of the wealthy province that multiple countries wanted control of?
Silesia
What was the difference between how Marie Antoinette and King Louis XVI were transported from prison to their death?
King Louis XVI had a closed carriage (Marie Antoinette's was open/uncovered)