Miscellaneous
Define velocity.
How fast an object is traveling! (speed and direction).
What shape do planets orbit in?
Ellipse
What is Kepler's First Law?
All objects orbit in elliptical orbits
What is the equation for momentum?
p=m*v
This is defined as the energy an object has due to its motion.
Kinetic Energy!
Define aphelion.
When an object is farthest from the sun in its orbit.
Define eccentricity
The deviation of an ellipse from a circle
What is Kepler's Second Law?
Planets sweep out equal areas in equal time
A car crash is an example of what type of collision? Explain how you know this!
Inelastic Collision.
The objects stick together.
This is the stored energy an object has.
Potential Energy!
Define perihelion
When an object is closest to the sun in its orbit
One of two center points in an ellipse is defined as what?
Focus
What is Kepler's 3rd Law?
Planets with larger orbital radii will have longer orbital periods
What is the momentum of a 200 kg bear running 5 m/s?
p=m*v
p=200 kg * 5 m/s= 1,000 Ns.
What is the kinetic energy of a 45 kg hockey player skating at 3 m/s?
Kinetic energy= 1/2m*v^2
202.5 J
Describe the difference between a meteor and a meteorite.
Meteor- flash of flight (shooting star)
Meteorite- is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface.
Define orbital period.
How long it takes an object to complete one orbit.
What are the two factors that affect the strength of gravity
Mass and distance!
A car has a mass of 500,000 kg and is moving 25m/s.
What is the car’s momentum?
p=m*v
12,500,000 Ns
What is the potential energy of a 60 kg bungee jumper as they stand on an 80 m platform?
Potential Energy= m*g*h
47,040 J
Calculate the impact force of a 400 kg asteroid heading toward earth with an acceleration of 20 m/s^2.
Use Newtons's Second Law! F=m*a
8,000 N.
Define orbital radius.
The average distance from the center of the star to the center of the planet.
How does gravity relate to planetary motion?
The mass of the star combined with the distance of the planet to the star will determine how fast an object orbits.
How does momentum relate to planetary motion.
All planets in orbit have momentum.
If it has more mass or is orbiting faster it will have more momentum.
What are the two factors that affect the impact of a meteorite?
How much mass the meteorite has, or how fast it is going.