Population Basics
The number of people living per unit of land
Arithmetic Density
A pyramid with a wide base usually indicates this about a population.
High birth rate/rapid growth
The stage with high birth rates and high death rates.
Stage 1
A factor that prompts people away from their home region
push factor
This scholar predicted population would outgrow food supply.
Thomas Malthus
The average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
A top-heavy pyramid indicates this type of population
Aging population
Stage 2 populations grow rapidly due to this revolution.
Agricultural → Industrial or Medical Revolution
A type of migration in which a person moves within a country.
Interregional Migration
will also accept internal migration
This term refers to resources available to support a population.
Carrying Capacity
The ratio of farmers to arable land
Agricultural Density
This compares children and the elderly to the working-age population.
Dependency Ratio
Most developed countries are in this stage of the DTM
Stage 4
This model links a country’s stage of development to types of migration.
Zelinsky’s Model of Migration Transition
China’s famous population control policy implemented in 1979.
One-Child Policy
This type of density is most useful for understanding the relationship between people and food production.
Physiological Density
A population pyramid with nearly vertical sides represents this type of growth.
Slow/stable growth
Countries experiencing declining populations are often placed in this debated stage.
Stage 5
A person forced to leave their home due to conflict, violence, or persecution.
Refugee
These people argue that scarcity isn’t just about food but also water and energy (or other natural resources).
Neo-Malthusians
Name two major population clusters in the world.
East Asia, South Asia, Europe or Southeast Asia
(Any two are correct)
Name one social or economic implication of a declining population pyramid.
Labor shortages
Economic stagnation
High dependency costs
This model, related to the DTM, shows the causes of death shifting as societies develop.
Epidemiological Transition Model
This model predicts interaction between two places based on population size and distance.
Gravity Model
A policy that encourages having more children
Pro-Natalist