Perception
Which Gestalt principle is demonstrated by the Necker Cube?
Closure
What is a step-by-step problem-solving strategy that guarantees a solution?
Algorithm
What is the conscious encoding of information?
Effortful processing
Elizabeth Loftus studied this effect by asking people questions about videos showing car crashes.
Misinformation effect
What is the belief, promoted by Carol Dweck, that abilities and intelligence can be developed through effort and persistence?
Growth mindset
What is the type of processing that starts with sensory receptors and builds up to the brain’s interpretation without relying on prior knowledge?
Bottom-up processing
What is the thought process that generates many possible creative solutions to a problem?
Divergent thinking
What is a type of implicit memory that involves knowing how to perform actions or skills?
Procedural memory
What is the frustrating feeling that a word you know is stored in memory but just out of reach?
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
This type of validity is most relevant for aptitude tests.
Predictive validity
The Door Study demonstrated the effect of this. (Hint: guy asking directions)
Change blindness
Jake assumes a quiet man who loves books is a librarian rather than a farmer because he fits the stereotype, ignoring that farmers are far more common, what is this?
Representativeness heuristic
You studied in your kitchen and do better on the quiz when you take it in that same kitchen, what is this?
Context-dependent memory
You remember a fun fact but can’t recall whether you heard it from a friend, a podcast, or a teacher, what is this called?
Source amnesia
What is the ability to reason quickly and solve new problems without relying on past learning, which peaks in early adulthood and begins to decline in middle and late adulthood?
Fluid intelligence
What is the binocular depth cue where the brain compares the slightly different images from each eye to judge distance?
Retinal disparity
Sam needs a screwdriver but never thinks to use a coin because he only sees coins as money, what is this cognitive bias?
Functional fixedness
Trying to learn vocabulary terms by thinking about their meaning and connecting them to other concepts would be an example of what?
Semantic encoding
What is the inability to form new long-term memories after a brain injury or trauma, while older memories remain intact?
Anterograde amnesia
One of Howard Gardner's 8 intelligences that would be related to a person having a "green thumb" (being a good gardner).
Naturalistic intelligence
This German word means "form" or "shape" and in Psych refers to our minds ability to shape our perception.
Gestalt
What is the awareness and understanding of your own thought processes?
Metacognition
The component of working memory responsible for directing attention and coordinating the visuospatial sketchpad and phonological loop.
Central executive
After learning Spanish this semester, Leo struggles to recall the French vocabulary he learned last year, what is this?
Retroactive interference
What are the three parts of Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence?
Analytical, creative, and practical