Photosynthesis
What is the name of an organism that makes its own food.
Autotroph
How much ATP is created from cellular respiration?
about 38
How much ATP is created from fermentation?
2 ATP
What is the ultimate energy source for most ecosystems?
The sun
Relate aerobic and anaerobic to cellular respiration and fermentation
Cellular respiration is aerobic meaning it requires oxygen.
Fermentation is anaerobic meaning it does not require oxygen (occurs when it is not readily available)
Where does the light dependent reactions and calvin cycle occur?
light-dependent: thylakoids
calvin cycle: stroma
Define cellular respiration.
A process that changes glucose (sugar) into ATP (energy) the cell can use to perform its functions.
Name 1 way humans use fermentation to their advantage.
We make food using fermentation. Bread, cheese, alcohol, yogurt, etc. Get ATP even when oxygen isn't available to cells
Where are large amounts of ATP produced in a cell?
Mitochondria
What does products and reactants mean?
products- what is made in a chemical reaction (what you end with)
reactants - what goes into a chemical reaction (what you start with)
During photosynthesis, what different gasses move in and out of plant cells.
Carbon dioxide moves in and oxygen moves out
Where does each step of cellular respiration occur?
1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs Cycle
3. Electron Transport Chain
1. Glycolysis - cytoplasm
2. Krebs Cycle - mitochondria
3. Electron Transport Chain - mitochondria
What type of fermentation do animals do? What about yeast?
Animals: Lactic Acid Fermentation
Yeast: Alcoholic Fermentation
Energy is released from ATP when....
A phosphate group is removed.
Where does photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and glycolysis occur?
photosynthesis - chloroplast
cellular respiration - mitochondria
fermentation - cytoplasm
What is light absorbed by in plants to give us the green color?
Chlorophyll absorbs the light and reflects green.
What process does not create ATP?
Glycolysis, Photosynthesis, or Cellular Respiration? Or do they all create energy?
They all release Energy from glucose
When does your body switch from cellular respiration to fermentation?
When there isn't enough oxygen readily available in your cells. This happens during exercises like sprinting and weight lifting.
What is a heterotroph?
Ingest their food/energy Ex: humans and animals
What are the products of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
cellular respiration - carbon dioxide, water and ATP
photosynthesis - oxygen and glucose
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Light + water + carbon dioxide -> oxygen + glucose
What are the 3 steps of cellular respiration? What happens at each step?
1. Glycolysis (makes 2 ATP)
- glucose broken down into pyruvate
2. Krebs Cycle (makes 2 ATP)
-break down pyruvate further to get electrons (NADH & FADH2), release CO2, get 2 ATP
3. Electron Transport Chain (makes 32-34 ATP)
- Electrons move through the ETC . Protons move from high to low concentration through ATP synthase
If you place yeast in a cereal bag with warm water and a heat lamp, why does the bag inflate (be specific - what process, what is being made, what is consumed)?
The yeast are consuming the sugar (glucose) in the cereal and releasing carbon dioxide gas. This process is called fermentation.
Which of the following is NOT a heterotroph?
Human, Cheetah, Mushroom, or Oak Tree
Oak Tree
Name each of the products and reactants of the equation (in words) AND which is photosynthesis and which is cellular respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
6CO2 + 6H2O +light → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Glucose+ oxygen ->carbon dioxide + water +energy
Photosynthesis
light + 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
light+Carbon dioxide+water -> glucose+oxygen