Circulatory System
Whats are the 5 functions of the Circulatory System?
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide transport
Nutrient and waste transport
Temperature maintenance
Hormone circulation
Houses the immune cells
What is respiration?
gas exchange
what do villi do?
villi increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
What are the 3 different types of skeletons?
Hydroskeleton
Exoskeleton
Endoskeleton
Sensory neurons
Relay neurons
Motor neurons
what are the 2 types of blood cells and their functions?
Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
- their hemoglobin carries oxygen
White blood cells (leukocytes)
- immune cells ex: macrophages, T-cells, B-cells, platelets
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
- intake oxygen
- output carbon dioxide
- making sound
- regulate blood pH
- defends against microbes
where does 90% of absorption occur
in the small intestine
What are the 3 different types of muscles and what nervous system do they connect to?
Skeletal muscles (somatic nervous system)
Cardiac muscle (autonomic nervous system)
Smooth muscle (autonomic muscle system)
What are nerve impluses?
The high speed signals that pass along the axons
what do capillaries do?
Diffuse blood into cells and take out waste and carbon dioxide.
What is the flow of oxygen?
Nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, lungs bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli (air sacs - where gas exchange occurs)
what does saliva do?
Saliva starts to break down sugar and starches then goes to the esophagus.
As muscles work they produce what?
heat
What is another name for a neuron?
A nerve cell
What do arteries and veins do?
arteries take blood away from the heart
Veins: carry blood to the heart
what do macrophages do?
help remove microbes
True or False
The same food will always produce the same energy?
True
What are the 3 lines of defense?
1st line
- Skin
- mucous membrane
- secreation of skin and mucous membranes.
2nd
- phagocytic white blood cells
- antimoicrobial proteins
- the inflammatory response
3rd
-lyphocytes
- antibodies
What is the myelin sheath?
The covering of a fatty material that speed up the passage of nerve impulses
what are arterioles and venules?
arterioles are small arteries
venules are small veins.
what does the diaphragm do?
controls breathing of lungs
What are the 3 organs thats work with the small intestine?
Pancreas: (alkaline fluid neutralizes the acid)
Liver: (bile breaks up fat)
Gallbladder: (stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver)
how do muscles produce movement?
Muscles fibers contract due to signal they recieve from the nervous system, producing movement
What happens when we eat?
Our bodies break down the proteins into amino acids, which are used to maintain our muscles, bones, blood, and body organs.