Where It All Began: Cell Theory
(True/False) New cells can arise from non-living material.
What is False?
The organelle that generates energy through cellular respiration
What is the mitochondria?
Four main functions of the cell membrane
What are: selective transport, support and structure, cell signaling, and excretion of waste?
Movement of water molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
What is osmosis?
Diagram of the main difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote
What is [Prokaryote should have no nucleus, eukaryote should have nucleus]?
The basic unit of structure and function that make up all living things.
What are cells
The organelle responsible for modifying, packaging, and sorting proteins and other substances before they leave the cell.
Special lipids embedded in the bilayer that allow it to be more solid or more flexible depending on temperature conditions.
What is cholesterol?
Big molecules like glucose move through the cell membrane along their concentration gradient using this kind of transport. (Be Specific)
What is facilitated diffusion?
A red blood cell in hypotonic solution (draw me a diagram WITH ARROWS TO SHOW H2O MOVEMENT)
What is [picture of swollen cell full of water, arrows into cell]?
(True/False) Cell theory was completely developed by Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek in the 1600s.
What is False?
What is the nucleolus?
Type of proteins that sit on the outside of the cell membrane and only are embedded in one layer. Often used for cell signaling.
What are peripheral proteins?
Movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration requires this kind of transport
What is Active Transport?
A plant cell in hypertonic solution (draw me a diagram WITH ARROWS TO SHOW H2O MOVEMENT)
What is [picture of shrunken cell with cell wall and membrane/contents shrunken in, arrows out of cell]?
The type of cells that Robert Hooke first observed and used to coin the term "cells".
What are plant cells/ cork cells?
The main differences between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). (Give 1 answer about structure and 1 about function)
What is ribosomes on rough ER but not smooth ER (structure) and rough ER synthesizes, packages, and modifies proteins while smooth ER synthesizes and modifies lipids (function)?
Parts of the cell membrane (list at least 3 kinds of macromolecules)
What are:
- Proteins (integral/peripheral)
- Lipids (phospholipids/ cholesterol)
- Carbohydrates
Condition of the cell pictured
What is plasmolysed?
Unscramble the steps of protein synthesis:
1) Rough ER modifies the protein/ folds it further
2) Vesicle transports the protein to the cell membrane so it can be shipped out
3) Ribosome reads instructions from nucleus to create/fold the protein
4) Golgi apparatus gets the protein packaged and ready to ship out of the cell
What is:
3) Ribosome reads instructions from nucleus to create/fold the protein
1) Rough ER modifies the protein/ folds it further
4) Golgi apparatus gets the protein packaged and ready to ship out of the cell
2) Vesicle transports the protein to the cell membrane so it can be shipped out
?
The "animalcules" that Anton van Leeuwenhoek first observed in pond scum.
What are single-celled organisms?
The main difference between how DNA is stored in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes. (Tell me location AND shape of DNA)
Specific kind of lipid (not cholesterol) that we would find in a flexible cell membrane (more flexible, less firm)
What are unsaturated fatty acids?
Kind of transport that an immune white blood cell might use to engulf a harmful bacterial cell.
What is phagocytosis?
Diagram of a specialized cell showing its structural modification and function
What is [ANY red blood cell w/o nucleus, root hair cell w/ extension, neuron w/ axon, xylem cell w/o interior cell walls]?