1-Sample Hypothesis Tests
A value we used to quantify how convincing our data is against H0
What is the test statistic?
An initial guess for the population mean/proportion based on our sample
What is a point estimate?
What is independent samples?
A distribution we used when performing hypothesis tests on qualitative data.
What is the chi-square distribution?
The command we use to perform a 1-proportion test.
What is 1-PropZTest?
A fraction of individuals in our population who are in a specific category
What is the population proportion?
What is margin of error?
This type of data can reduce our problem from two samples to one sample
What is paired samples/paired data?
The average number of items/counts in each category if H0 is true.
What is the expected frequency?
The command we used to perform a hypothesis test for a 2-sample population mean.
What is 2-SampTTest?
What is a p-value?
This distribution is often used when the population standard deviation is not known.
What is the Student's T distribution?
The two-tailed alternate hypothesis for a difference between two population means
What is mu1 =/= mu2?
The number of items/counts we actually find in each category.
What are the observed counts?
The command we use to perform a χ2 goodness of fit test.
χ2GOF-Test
A threshold to compare your p-value to in order to determine whether you can reject the null hypothesis.
What is the significance level/alpha?
The tradeoff that comes with increasing our level of confidence. (Hint: does your interval get wider or narrowing when increasing confidence?)
The conclusion we draw when our p-value is greater than our significance level
What is "we lack evidence to support the alternate hypothesis?"
The degress of freedom is always this value based on the number of categories, k, we have
What is k-1?
The command we use to compute a confidence interval for paired data to approximate the difference between two means.
What is T-interval?
A decision you make when your p-value is less than or equal to your significance level
What is "rejecting the null hypothesis?"
This is a positive z score that bounds the middle % of the area under our curve and is used to construct a corresponding confidence interval of that same percentage.
What is a critical value?
The assumption we make about the number of individuals in each category of our samples before running a corresponding hypothesis test or calculating a confidence interval.
What is "both sample contain at least 10 individuals per category?"
A test we perform when we're interested in whether two qualitative variables are independent
What is a Test of Independence?
The command we use to perform a hypothesis test for a two-sample proportion
What is 2-PropZTest?