Muckrakers
Who said "Afflict the comfortable and comfort the afflicted"?
Ida Tarbell
This African American journalist and activist documented lynching and co-founded the NAACP.
Ida B. Wells
This Progressive Era process let citizens propose a new law directly.
Initiative
This 1911 New York factory fire killed 146 workers, mostly young women, and exposed dangerous working conditions.
The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
This president’s domestic program was called the Square Deal
Teddy Roosevelt
What was the main purpose of muckraker writing?
To expose corruption and injustice, raise public awareness, and inspire reforms that protected workers, consumers, and society
She co-founded Hull House in Chicago to help immigrants and poor families with housing, education, childcare, and job training.
Jane Addams
This process allowed voters to approve or reject a law passed by the legislature.
Referendum
Name two labor reforms that followed the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire.
Stricter workplace safety laws, improved fire-safety standards, limited working hours, required building inspections, and proper emergency exits
What were the three main goals of Roosevelt’s Square Deal?
Controlling corporations/trust-busting, protecting consumers, and conserving natural resources.Unit-3-Progressive-Era-3-2.pdf
This journalist wrote The Shame of the Cities, exposing bribery, election fraud, and political machines in city governments.
Lincoln Steffens
This women’s rights leader co-founded the National Woman Suffrage Association and helped pave the way for the 19th Amendment.
Susan B. Anthony.
This process allowed citizens to remove an elected official before their term ended.
Recall
This muckraker wrote The Jungle, exposing unsanitary conditions in Chicago’s meatpacking industry.
Upton Sinclair
This 27th president continued trust-busting and filed more antitrust lawsuits than Roosevelt, but upset Progressives with the Payne-Aldrich Tariff.
William Taft
This muckraker’s photographs of crowded, unsanitary tenements in New York City helped inspire the Tenement House Act of 1901.
Jacob Riis
What was “women’s suffrage”?
The right for women to vote in elections; it was achieved nationally through the 19th Amendment in 1920.
Before 1913, why did Progressive reformers want to change how U.S. senators were chosen?
State legislatures chose senators, which led to bribery, corruption, and influence from political machines and big business.
What problems did political machines and corrupt city governments cause?
Bribery, graft, favoritism, poor infrastructure, inadequate services, lack of accountability, and exploitation of immigrant voters.
What was the Progressive Era?
A movement in the late 1800s and early 1900s that tried to improve society by fixing problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, corruption, monopolies, poverty, and unsafe working conditions.
Explain how muckrakers strengthened democracy during the Progressive Era. Give one specific example of a muckraker and the reform their work helped inspire.
Muckrakers strengthened democracy by investigating corruption and injustice, informing the public, and encouraging citizens to demand accountability from government and businesses. For example, Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle exposed unsafe meatpacking conditions and helped inspire food-safety laws such as the Pure Food and Drug Act.
What did the finds of Ida Tarbell reveal about Standard Oil?
revealed secret deals, spying, price manipulation, and unfair railroad rates.
How did the 17th Amendment reduce corruption?
It took the power to elect senators away from political bosses and gave voters the direct power to elect U.S. senators.
Upton Sinclair exposed problems in meatpacking plants, while the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire exposed dangers in garment factories. Explain why both led to Progressive reforms, even though they involved different industries.
Both revealed that businesses were putting workers and consumers at risk. Public outrage created pressure on government to regulate business and pass reforms protecting food safety and workplace safety
Roosevelt and Taft disagreed about how the federal government should handle natural resources. Explain the difference between Roosevelt’s approach to conservation and Taft’s approach.
Roosevelt strongly supported conservation by creating national parks, forests, and wildlife reserves. Taft was less supportive of aggressive conservation policies and favored a more limited, conservative approach to reform.