European Exploration
What were the three main reasons European exploration?
God, Gold, Glory
Who was the European explorer who reached the Caribbean in 1492?
Christopher Columbus
What was the Columbian Exchange?
The transfer of plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres
Hernan Cortes
Which European country established a large colonial empire in Latin Ameirca
Spain
Which European country sponsered Christopher Columbus 1492 voyage?
Spain
In what year did Columbus make his first voyage across the Atlantic?
1492
Name one important crop that originated in the Americas and spread to Europe
Potatoes, corn, tomatoes, cacao
Who was the Spanish Conquistador who led the conquest of the Inca Empire?
Fransico Pizzaro
What do call a person who conquers territory for their country
Conquistador
Why did European nations want to discover new trade routes?
To gain access to valuable goods, increase wealth, and expand trade routes
Caribbean islands
What animal introduced by Europeans changed transportation and warefare in the Americas?
Horses
What was the capital city of Aztec Empire
What is colonization
When a country takes control of another territory
What was one religious reason Europeans explored the Americas?
To spread Christianity (convert Indigenous people)
What did Columbus mistakenly believe he had reached when he arrived in the Americas?
Asia or East Indies
What disease was brought by Europeans devastated Indigenous populations?
smallpox
Name one factor that helped the Spanish defeat the Aztec or Inca Empire
Indigenous alliances, European weapons, horses, diseases
Name one way Spanish colonization changed life for Indigenous people
Forced labor, land loss, religious conversion, disease, tribute, or changes in government
Name two reasons European countries competed to explore and claim territory in the Americas
Wealth, resources, land, power, trade routes, and spreading Christianity.
Name one major consequence of European arrival for Indigenous communities
Disease, land loss, violence, conquest, cultural disruption
Explain one positive and one negative effect of the Columbian Exchange
Positive: new crops, and animals
Negative: Diseases, land loss, conflict
Why did Indigenous groups ally with the Spanish against the Aztecs
They opposed Aztec rules, tribute demands, political control
A Spanish colonial labor system that granted colonists the right to demand Indigenous labor and tribute