Cells
Mitosis
Meiosis
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
100
When an athlete is nearing the end of a race and her cells are low on oxygen, what is likely to occur in her cells so that glycolysis can continue to produce ATP?
A. protein synthesis
B.DNA synthesis
C. fermentation
D. cell-to-cell communication
Fermentation
100
In a cell that is undergoing mitosis, what first happens to the chromosomes after the nuclear envelope breaks down?
A.They pair up as homologous chromosomes.
B. They line up at the equator of the cell.
C. They replicate to make a new copy of DNA.
D. They are moved to either pole of the cell.
They line up at the equator of the cell.
100
Read the passage to answer the question.
Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves.
How do the number of chromosomes in a female scorpion’s egg cells compare with the number in her body (somatic) cells?
A. The number of chromosomes is the same in both.
B. There are twice as many chromosomes in egg cells.
C. There are half as many chromosomes in egg cells.
D. The number of chromosomes depends on the size of the scorpion.
There are half as many chromosomes in egg cells.
100
Which statement is correct about the Krebs cycle?
A. In the Krebs cycle, carbon dioxide is used to make glucose.
B. Acetyl-CoA combines with pyruvic acid to make glucose in the Krebs cycle.
C. The Krebs cycle produces electron carriers for the electron transport chain.
D. Oxygen is a waste product of the Krebs cycle.
The Krebs cycle produces electron carriers for the electron transport chain.
100
A soybean plant uses cellular respiration to generate usable chemical energy.
This is released within the cell as molecules of which substance?
A. glucose
B. chlorophyll
C. carbon dioxide
D. ATP
ATP
200
How may a gene be defined?
A. a segment of DNA
B. a segment of a protein
C. a complete protein
D. a part of the cell membrane
- a segment of DNA
200
Read the passage to answer the question.
Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves.
As baby scorpions grow larger, which process occurs in their body (somatic) cells?
A. Mitosis separates one cell into four cells.
B. Mitosis makes copies of the cell nuclei.
C. Meiosis produces all of the new body cells.
D. Meiosis splits the chromosome numbers by four.
- Mitosis makes copies of the cell nuclei.
200
During the electron transport chain, which process leads to the production of large amounts of ATP?
A. Energy carriers release carbon dioxide that flows through the mitochondrial membrane.
B. High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient.
C. Water is broken down into oxygen and hydrogen ions to produce ATP.
D. NADH combines with FADH2to produce large amounts of ATP.
High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient.
200
Read the passage to answer the question.
Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves.
Scorpion cells undergo aerobic respiration, just as human cells do.
During aerobic respiration, which process takes place?
A. Oxygen is used, and ATP is made.
B. Carbon dioxide and glucose are made.
C. Carbon dioxide and water are used.
D. Glucose and oxygen are released.
Oxygen is used, and ATP is made.
300
Read the passage to answer the question.
Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves.
The skin cells of a scorpion organize together to make a hard covering called a carapace, which helps protect the scorpion.
Which term names a group of similar cells working together?
A. organism
B. system
C. tissue
D. organ
tissue
300
Which outcome is the main function of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
A. to produce oxygen
B. to use up water
C. to produce glucose
D. to use up excess carbon dioxide
- to produce glucose
300
Which compound is released by photosynthesis and used in aerobic respiration?
A. water
B. carbon dioxide
C. ATP
D. oxygen
- oxygen
400
Read the passage to answer the question.
Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves.
Baby scorpions are born with fully developed bodies, each with many special parts such as a stinging tail.
Which process enables baby scorpions to develop various kinds of body parts from a single zygote?
A. cell breakdown
B. meiosis
C. reproduction
D. cell differentiation
cell differentiation
400
Read the passage to answer the question.
Vegetable farmers often plant soybeans every few years. Rotating crops breaks up the life cycles of many insect pests, and the soybean plants provide the soil with nitrogen. Other crop plants need the nitrogen to grow well. A field of soybean seeds has been planted on a farm in Indiana. As soon as the first leaves emerge from the seed, photosynthesis begins.
Which substance is the chemical food source for the soybean plants?
A. sunlight
B. water
C. glucose
D. carbon dioxide
glucose
500
Which outcome is the main function of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
A. to produce ATP and NADPH for the light-independent reactions
B. to convert carbon dioxide into water
C. to break down glucose into pyruvic acid
D. to release oxygen into the atmosphere
to produce ATP and NADPH for the light-independent reactions