Characteristics of Countries
Identify 3 social characteristics
- Gender equality, birth rates, levels of employment, levels of education, social security systems, healthcare, technology, legal systems
What is a similarity in life expectancy across High, Middle and Low income countries?
Females life expectancy is higher than males
Identify 3 factors that contribute to similarities and differences in HS and BOD
What does GNI stand for?
Gross National Income
Identify 2 economic characteristics of a high-income country
Lower levels of poverty, wide range of industries, opportunities for global trade, high average incomes
Name 3 communicable and 2 non-communicable diseases
Communicable: Malaria, HIV/AIDs, Diarrheal diseases, Tuberculosis
Non-Communicable: Heart disease, Diabetes, Cancer
Identify 3 resources that poverty can prevent access to?
Adequate Housing, Healthcare, Education, Clean water and sanitation, nutritious food
Indicators: life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, Gross National Income per capita
Dimensions: A long and healthy life, knowledge, a decent standard of living
Identify 3 environmental characteristics of low-income countries
- lack of access to safe water and sanitation
- lack of food security
- inadequate housing
- inadequate infrastructure
What health status indicator do these factors reflect?
- Immunisation rates and healthcare access
- Family Income and Food security
- Clean water, sanitation, child safety
U5MR
How does a lack of access to clean water and sanitation affect women and girls?
Women and girls spend millions of hours collecting water, reducing ability to engage in education or paid work
Inadequate sanitation keeps girls out of school, especially during menstruation. Without private toilets, girls face harassment and assault
What does PEOPLE stand for?
Participate in decisions that affect their lives
Expand choices and capabilities through access to knowledge
Opportunities to lead productive and creative lives
Participate in the life of the community
Lead long and healthy lives
Essential resources for a decent standard of living
This characteristic falls under which category and country classification?
- High levels of carbon dioxide emissions
Environmental characteristic of high income country
Finish this sentence: Life expectancy can fluctuate due to...
Draw the cycle of poverty
Low income > Poor living conditions > poor health and wellbeing > lack of education > inability to secure employment
How does living in poverty impact on a persons human development?
Low income due to lack of employment, unable to afford education, therefore unable to expand choices and capabilities through tertiary education. Unable to afford essential resources for a decent standard of living such as healthcare, or housing.
PPP refers to what?
Purchasing Power Parity. Which provides a way to compare countries that have different currencies and costs of living.
What would be a reason that a country would have low child mortality but high adult mortality?
Lifestyle factors e.g. smoking, alcohol, drug use, high fat/salt/sugar diet
How does discrimination affect a persons health status and health and wellbeing?
High levels of stress and anxiety from fear of being abused due to race, gender, culture, religion, sexual orientation
Higher rates of illness and mental health problems, increasing YLD and premature death from self-harm and suicide
Discuss how discrimination based on gender can impact on a persons human development and a country's HDI?
Young girls in low income countries experience discrimination, forcing them into child marriages at a young age. This can often lead to early pregnancy, leading to complications such as hemorrhage and premature death, decreasing ability to lead and long and healthy life. Often young girls are taken out of school to take care of the family home, therefore reducing knowledge and average years of schooling, reducing a country's HDI.