Attribution Theory & Person Perception
The belief that people have the ability to control their lives and their choices
Internal locus of control
Judging other cultures based only on the values and characteristics of one’s own cultures.
Ethnocentrism
The coexistence of multiple cultures, celebration of diversity, and collaboration.
Multiculturalism
The name of this theory was created by Sigmund Freud in the 1890s.
Psychoanalysis
The theory that organisms are motivated to reduce internal tension caused by unmet biological needs.
Drive-reduction theory
An assumption that behavior is driven by internal characteristics such as intelligence or personality
Dispositional attribution
Unconscious evaluations of our biases toward certain objects, groups, or individuals.
Implicit attitudes
People tend to go with what they perceive to be the norm and study mannerisms through which this influence occurs.
Social Influence theory
The three separate structures of personality according to Sigmund Freud.
Id, Ego, and Superego
The principle that performance increases with physiological arousal up to a point
Yerkes-Dodson Law
A psychological phenomenon in which an individual's belief or expectation about a situation or another person influences their behavior causing them to come true.
Self-fulfilling prophecy
The tendency to see the world as fundamentally fair and to believe that people get what they deserve.
Just-world phenomenon
They place a strong emphasis on personal achievement and uniqueness.
Individualism
The three levels of consciousness according to Sigmund Freud.
Conscious, unconsciousness, and preconsciousness
A decision-making situation with two desirable options.
approach-approach conflict
Refers to the feeling of dissatisfaction or resentment that arises when people perceive themselves as having less than they deserve compared to others.
Relative deprivation
Reserving positive feelings such as admiration and trust only for members of an in-group.
In-group bias
Prioritizing the group’s needs over individual needs.
Collectivism
Ideology that all humans are inherently good, have free will, and self-actualization.
Humanism
A decision-making situation with two undesirable options.
avoidance-avoidance conflict
What is it called when people tend to attribute the behaviors of others to dispositional factors and ignore other explanations.
Fundamental attribution error
People see members of an out-group as more similar to each other than members of their own in-group.
Out-group homogeneity bias
The pressure to conform to the positive expectations, norms, or behaviors of a group to be liked.
Normative social influence
This occurs when your ideal self matches your real self.
congruence
A decision-making situation with one option that has positive aspects and negative aspects.
approach-avoidance conflict