Plant Tissues
What plant tissue system transports water, minerals, and sugars throughout a plant?
Vascular tissue
What plant organ anchors the plant and absorbs water and minerals from the soil?
Roots
What organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What molecule provides immediately usable energy for cellular activities?
ATP
What process describes the loss of water vapor from plant leaves?
Transpiration
What tissue forms the protective outer covering of a plant?
Dermal tissue
What plant organ supports leaves and flowers while transporting materials throughout the plant?
Stem
What three inputs are needed for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, water, and light energy
What organelle carries out most aerobic cellular respiration?
Mitochondrion
Why do plants close their stomata during hot, dry conditions?
To conserve water by reducing transpiration.
What vascular tissue transports sugars made in the leaves to other parts of the plant?
Phloem
What tiny openings in leaves regulate gas exchange and water loss?
Stomata
What two major products are produced during photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen
What two reactants are required for aerobic cellular respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
How does the root system help a plant survive in its environment?
Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant.
What growth tissue produces new xylem and phloem?
Cambium
What flower structure attracts animals that may help with pollination?
Petals
Why are large, thin leaves advantageous for plants growing on a shaded forest floor?
They provide a larger surface area to capture limited sunlight for photosynthesis.
What process allows cells to produce some ATP from glucose without oxygen?
Fermentation
Why might a plant growing in a shaded environment have larger leaves than a plant growing in direct sunlight?
Larger leaves provide more surface area to absorb limited sunlight for photosynthesis.
A plant's cambium is severely damaged. Explain why this could interfere with the transport of both water and sugars.
Damage to the cambium reduces the production of xylem and phloem, interfering with water, mineral, and sugar transport.
What flower structure contains the ovules where fertilization occurs?
Ovary
Scientists introduce algae into an enclosed environment containing high carbon dioxide and low oxygen. Explain how the algae could make the environment more suitable for animals.
Algae use carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and release oxygen, making the environment more suitable for animal respiration.
Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected through their reactants and products.
Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen used in cellular respiration. Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide and water used in photosynthesis.
A plant experiences a severe drought. Explain how a lack of water could affect both photosynthesis and the plant's ability to survive.
Water is a reactant in photosynthesis. A shortage of water can reduce photosynthesis, limiting glucose production and affecting growth and survival.