Vocabulary
One of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome
What is chromatid?
Includes G1, S, and G2.
What is Interphase?
A continuous process of eukaryotic cell division with 4 phases that results in the division of the nucleus.
What is mitosis?
Meiosis results in ____ _______ _______ cells.
4 different haploid
The phase in which the chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell.
What is metaphase?
Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells
What is cell division?
Stage that follows cell division where the organelles and cytoplasm double to normal cell size.
What is G1?
Created by the "pinching in" of microfilaments in an animal cell .
What is the cleavage furrow?
What are gametes?
The longest phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus.
What is prophase?
Tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that release the spindle fibers.
What is a centriole?
Process by which DNA is copied, cell doubles in size, and the cell divides into two identical cells.
What is binary fission?
Division of the cytoplasm.
What is cytokinesis?
The recombination of genetic material.
What is crossing over?
Phase in which chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material and new nuclei reform.
What is telophase?
Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
What is the centromere?
A unit of DNA containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter
What is an "operon"?
The molecule that chromatin condenses around during prophase.
What are histone proteins?
Consists of 2 homologous pairs.
What is a tetrad?
The phase in which the chromatids are drawn to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle.
What is anaphase?
Fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis
What is a spindle fiber?
The control of the activation of a gene
What is "gene expression"?
Vesicles from the Golgi Complex begin to arrange in a “plane” in the center of the cell to create this structure.
What is a cell plate?
Two factors that contribute to genetic variation during gamete formation.
What are crossing over and independent assortment.
The region at which the spindle fibers attach to the chromosome.
What is the kinetochore.