Plant Structures and Functions
If a plant died from lack of food, which structure is most likely missing or damaged?
A. flower
B. root
C. stem
D. leaves
D. Leaves
Which substance is a reactant in photosynthesis?
A. Oxygen
B. Glucose
C. Carbon dioxide
D. ATP
C. Carbon dioxide
What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?
A. To make glucose
B. To release energy from glucose
C. To store carbon dioxide
D. To produce chlorophyll
B. To release energy from glucose
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?
A. The energy captured in photosynthesis is used to power cellular respiration.
B. The energy transformed in cellular respiration is used to power photosynthesis.
C. Photosynthesis and respiration perform the same task in terms of energy transformation.
D. Energy is not involved in either photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
A. The energy captured in photosynthesis is used to power cellular respiration.
In an experiment testing how light affects photosynthesis, what is the independent variable?
A. Rate of photosynthesis
B. Amount of oxygen produced
C. Light intensity
D. Type of plant
C. Light intensity
Fill in the Blank
The tissue that transports water from the roots to the rest of the plant is called __________________.
Xylem
Where does photosynthesis take place in plant cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. Chloroplast
D. Ribosome
C. Chloroplast
Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
A. Chloroplast
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
A. Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
B. Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
C. Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
D. Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
D. Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
Fill in the blank:
The variable that is measured in an experiment is called the __________________ variable.
dependent
Which structure helps control water loss by opening and closing?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Guard cells
D. Roots
C. Guard cells
Which factor would MOST directly increase the rate of photosynthesis?
A. Decreasing carbon dioxide levels
B. Removing chloroplasts
C. Decreasing temperature to freezing
D. Increasing light intensity
D. Increasing light intensity
Short Answer:
Which molecule is produced during cellular respiration and provides energy for cell activities?
ATP
A student says that plants do not need cellular respiration because they make their own food.
Which response is correct?
A. Plants only perform photosynthesis
B. Plants perform cellular respiration to release energy from glucose
C. Plants use sunlight instead of ATP
D. Plants do not need energy
B. Plants perform cellular respiration to release energy from glucose
True or False.
A control group is used to compare results and does not receive the variable being tested.
True
Short Answer:
Why are leaves well-suited for photosynthesis?
They have a large surface area and contain chloroplasts to capture sunlight.
A potted plant is placed inside a clear, sealed vacuum container that has water pumped into it on a regular basis. The container is placed in the sun and the plant’s growth is monitored. Which statement best describes what will most likely happen to the plant over time?
A. The plant will grow faster because it is sheltered from the wind.
B. The plant will die because it does not have carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
C. The plant will die because it does not have oxygen for photosynthesis.
D. The plant will grow at a slower rate because it requires more water.
B. The plant will die because it does not have carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
True or false:
Cellular respiration only occurs in animal cells.
False- occurs in plants and animals
Which pair of organelles correctly matches each process?
A. Photosynthesis—mitochondria; Cellular respiration—chloroplast
B. Photosynthesis—chloroplast; Cellular respiration—mitochondria
C. Both occur in the nucleus
D. Both occur in the ribosome
B. Photosynthesis—chloroplast; Cellular respiration—mitochondria
Short Answer
A student measures the amount of oxygen produced by a plant at different light levels. What is the dependent variable?
Amount of oxygen produced (rate of photosynthesis)
Short Answer:
A plant’s leaves begin to wilt even though it is receiving enough sunlight.
What is the MOST likely cause?
Lack of water transport
Mike has four aquatic plants of the same size and the same species. He submerges the plants in a separate beaker filled with 200 ml of water. He then sets each beaker under a different intensity of light. Mike observes that, of the four plants, the plant in the beaker under the most intense light gives off the most gas bubbles in a 20 minute period. Which of the following statements best explains Mike’s observations?
A. Photosynthesis occurs at the highest rate under the most intense light.
B. Water evaporates from plants faster under the most intense light.
C. Cells decompose most quickly under the most intense light.
D. Gases in the leaves of plants expand most under the most intense light
A. Photosynthesis occurs at the highest rate under the most intense light.
Short answer:
A student is running and begins to feel muscle fatigue due to a lack of oxygen.
What process will the muscle cells switch to?
Fermentation
During a lab, a plant is placed in the dark for 24 hours.
Which process will continue, and why?
A. Photosynthesis, because light is not required
B. Cellular respiration, because oxygen is not needed
C. Photosynthesis, because glucose is present
D. Cellular respiration, because it does not require light
D. Cellular respiration, because it does not require light
Explain what a limiting factor is in photosynthesis.
A factor that slows down or limits the rate of photosynthesis (like light, CO₂, or temperature)