Westward Expansion
The first railway to connect the eastern and western coast of the U.S
Trans-continental railroad
wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe
This amendment abolished slavery
13th amendment
This side's economy heavily relied on cash crops and labor by enslaved people
The South
Union general during the Civil War and the 18th president of the U.S
Ulysses S. Grant
The phrase to describe America's God given right to take over the land between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
Manifest Destiny
This president was assassinated only a few days after the surrender of the Confederate forces
Abraham Lincoln
prohibits federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
15th amendment
This side claimed slave power in the government
The North
The first major battle of the Civil War
First Battle of Bull Run
This state wanted to be admitted as a slave state, which delayed its annexation
Texas
The president during the Mexican-American war
James K. Polk
Created to aid newly emancipated slaves by providing food, clothing, medical care, education, and legal support.
Freedmen's Bureau
The formal withdrawal of 11 Southern states from the federal Union caused by tensions of slavery, states' rights, and economic differences
Secession
allowed African Americans to join the military
Militia Act of 1862
It ended the Mexican-American war, forcing Mexico to cede the lands that are now Texas, California, Arizona, and more
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
This person debated with Lincoln over the crisis of Kansas and expansion of slavery into the U.S territories
Stephen Douglas
Program stipulated that a state could establish a new government once 10% of its prewar voters swore an oath of loyalty to the Union.
10% Plan
This party called for the limit of slavery's expansion in the west so that it could be open for white people to live and work, instead of slaveholders
Free Soil Party
The Union was able to take over the Mississippi River, allowing them to divide the South and gain a large advantage over them.
Siege of Vicksburg
A federal law that sold settlers 160 acres of land for ~$30 if they lived on it for five years and improved it. The act helped make land accessible to westward-moving settlers, but much of the best land was taken up by speculators or was infertile.
Homestead Act
Spanish and Mexican settlers and their descendants who lived in what is now California before it was annexed by the U.S in 1848
Californios
The agreement that resolved the 1876 election and ended Reconstruction. In exchange for Republican, Rutherford B. Hayes, winning the presidency, Hayes agreed to withdraw federal troops from the former Confederate states. This returned Southern politics to white-Democratic politics.
Compromise of 1877
Declared all slaves in rebelling states to be free but did not affect slavery in nonrebelling Border States. This closed the door on possible compromise with the South and encouraged thousands of Southern slaves to flee to Union lines.
Emancipation Proclamation
The Civil War's "bloodiest day"; landmark battle in the Civil War that ended in a draw but demonstrated the ability of the Union army, forestalling foreign intervention and giving Lincoln the “victory” he needed to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
Battle of Antietam