Imperial Excuses
This ideology applied "survival of the fittest" concepts to human societies and was used to justify imperial expansion.
What is Social Darwinism?
This African territory shifted from the private ownership of King Leopold II to the direct control of the Belgian government.
What is the Congo?
This major 1857 rebellion took place against British rule in South Asia.
What is the 1857 Rebellion in India (or Sepoy Mutiny)?
This "liquid gold" extracted from sub-Saharan Africa became an essential industrial lubricant for European machines.
What is palm oil?
These two groups of "servants" provided a form of semicoerced labor that replaced enslaved labor in many parts of the world
Who are Chinese and Indian indentured servants?
Migrants created these "pockets" of culture in their new homes, such as Chinatowns.
Migrants created these "pockets" of culture in their new homes, such as Chinatowns.
This rationale focused on the perceived duty of Europeans to "civilize" indigenous populations, often including religious conversion.
What is the "civilizing mission" (or missionary work)?
While Spanish and Portuguese influence declined, these two non-European nations joined European powers in acquiring territories in Asia and the Pacific.
What are the United States and Japan?
This indigenous group in the U.S. developed the "Ghost Dance" as a form of rebellion against expansion.
Who are the Native Americans (or Sioux/Plains Indians)?
This commodity, produced in the Middle East or South Asia, was exported to China to give European merchants an economic advantage.
What is opium?
Many internal and external migrants relocated to these areas due to new modes of transportation.
What are cities?
This U.S. law was an example of a state attempting to regulate and stop a specific group of immigrants from entering.
This U.S. law was an example of a state attempting to regulate and stop a specific group of immigrants from entering.
This major force shaped the development of empires as states competed to prove their greatness through territorial acquisition.
What is nationalism?
These two methods were primarily used by European states to expand their empires across the African continent.
What are warfare and diplomacy?
This leader led a significant rebellion against Spanish rule in Peru during the late 18th century.
Who is Túpac Amaru II?
Industrialized states practiced this type of "imperialism" in Asia and Latin America by using businesses to exert influence.
What is economic imperialism?
Because most migrants were of this gender, women in home societies often took on new roles formerly held by this gender
What is male?
This Australian policy was designed to limit non-white immigration to the continent
What is the White Australia policy?
Beyond cultural justifications, the need for these for factories drove the growth of export economies.
What are raw materials?
This type of colony, such as New Zealand, was established when Europeans moved to and lived in parts of their empires
What is a settler colony?
In West Africa, these two specific conflicts (one led by Samory Touré and one by a Queen Mother) represented direct resistance to expansion.
What are Samory Touré’s military battles and the Yaa Asantewaa War?
These two South American nations became famous for the export of guano, used as fertilizer.
What are Peru and Chile?
This group of people famously migrated to the United States in massive numbers during the 19th century due to famine and economic hardship.
Who are the Irish?
These people formed significant ethnic enclaves in East and Southern Africa, as well as the Caribbean.
Who are Indians?
Imperialists used a range of these three types of ideologies to justify their rule over others.
What are cultural, religious, and racial ideologies?
Control of Indonesia and Southeast Asia shifted from this private entity to the Dutch government.
What is the Dutch East India Company?
These two new states were established on the peripheries of existing empires as a form of anti-imperial resistance.
What are the Sokoto Caliphate and the Zulu Kingdom?
This region in South America saw massive rubber extraction to meet the demands of global industrialization.
What is the Amazon basin?
These workers migrated to Argentina to work in the industrial sector, contributing to global urbanization
Who are Italian industrial workers?
Migrants from this nation established influential merchant enclaves across the Americas.
Who are the Lebanese?