Notable Names
Controversial murder trial that resulted in the execution of this anarchist duos were executed
Sacco & Vanzetti
Pres. Harding's plan that supported a reduction of government regulations (interference), high protective tariff rates, and isolation from foreign affairs
'return to normalcy'
Crackdowns and federal raids on socialist, communist, and/or anarchist organizations for allegedly spreading radical ideas
US President who was blamed for hard economic times during the Great Depression
Herbert Hoover
Ambitious construction project aimed to promote economic development in the West that provided jobs and hydroelectricity to western states
Boulder or Hoover Dam
Accused and fined for teaching evolution, a violation of the Butler Act that prohibited the teaching of evolution.
John T. Scopes
Nickname for socially liberated women in the 1920s
flappers
Stock market crash on Oct. 29, 1929
Black Tuesday
Unemployed veterans who demanded cash payment for their services immediately
Bonus Army
An overzealous protectionist policy that raised tariff rates, which slowed down economic activities and worsened the economic conditions in the US and around the world
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Founded the Universal Negro Improvement Associated and created the "Black is Beautiful" phrase to emphasize cultural pride
Marcus Garvey
Nickname of shantytowns that sprung up during the Great Depression Era
'Hoovervilles'
installment plan/credit system
An environmental and economic disaster for the farmers during the Great Depression
Dust Bowl
A New Deal program aimed to electrify and modernize rural areas in the Appalachia region
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Millions of retirees should thank this man who championed pension plan for the elderly that became Social Security program.
Dr. Francis Townsend
FDR's regularly scheduled messages to the American public aimed to boost nation's morale
fireside chats
Alcohol smugglers who profited during the Prohibition Era
'bootleggers'
The 3 R's of FDR New Deal
Relief, Recovery, and Reform
An important labor law that established the legal rights of workers to establish or join labor unions and to bargain collectively with their employers
Wagner Act (National Labor Relation Act)
Famed and influential economist who championed government spending to help the economy
John Maynard Keynes
Banking reforms that aimed to regulate market speculations or risky investments that have negative effects on the economy
Glass-Steagall Act
Risky investment practice that enabled investors to leverage more than the actual money that they physically own
'buying on the margin'
Facing challenges from the Judicial Branch, FDR championed the idea of increasing the number of justices from 9 to 15 for the US Supreme Court
'court packing'
Two New Deal programs that were ruled unconstitutional for an overreaching violation of the Executive Branch that interfered with Congressional powers to regulate interstate commerce
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) and National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)