Definitions and Structures
What is the conjugate acid of NH3?
NH4+ (Ammonium)
What is the pH value of the solution resulting from 0.1mol HCL dissolved in 500mL of water?
0.699 or 0.698.
The endpoint is when the indicator changes color.
Describe the relationship between Kw, Ka, and Kb.
Kw = Ka * Kb.
How to determine which resonance structure contribute the most to the overall atomic structure?
More formal charges = 0 and all the negative charges are ideally on the most electronegative atoms.
Name all the strong acids.
HCl, HBr, HI, HCLO4, H2SO4, HNO3.
What is the word used to describe when a strong acid reacts with a strong base?
Neutralization.
What is the definition of a midpoint?
[HA]=[A-]
What is one common ion that all strong bases have in common?
OH- (hydroxide ion).
What are three types of catalysts?
Homogeneous Catalyst, Heterogeneous Catalyst, Enzymes.
What is the representation of Ka? Write out the formula.
([H+][A-])/[HA]
If SA = WB, and the equation is represented as B- + H3O+ <--> HB + H2O, and Kb = x, describe 3 steps to solve for pH.
(1) Flip the equilibrium
(2) Find the value of Ka using Kw/Kb, Kw = 1*10^-14.
(3) Using x-is-small-approximation, solve for [H3O+].
If we are given a titration curve, how can we determine the pKa of the acid/base being titrated?
What is a mixed solution that resists pH change?
Buffer system/buffer.
What is the molecular geometry of Square Planar? Represent your answer as ABxEy, where x is the number of bonds, y is the number of long pairs. (x or y can be zero)
AB4E2.
Compare the pH and pOH of water at 65 degrees celcius with water at 25 degress celcius.
Both pH and pOH of water at 65 degrees celcius is greater than that of water at 25 degrees celcius.
What is name of the equation used to find the pH of a system where SA < WB or SB < WA? Write out the equation. (Both has to be correct to earn the point)
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])
Describe the equivalence point's pH when a weak acid is titrated with a strong base.
pH at equivalence > 7.
What are three factors that determine the strength of an acid?
Bond length/strength, electronegativity (inductive effect), and resonance stablization.
How does the bond angle of trigonal pyramidal compare with the bond angle of tetrahedral?
Tetrahedral has a larger bond angle of around 109.5, while trigonal pyramidal has a bond angle of around 107.
The measurement of ionization of an acid or base is called______ __________? Compare the value of HF and CHCl2COOH. (Both has to be correct to earn the point)
Percent Ionization. CHCL2COOH has a larger percent ionization than HF.
What is the pH of 50mL of 0.1mol NaOH mixed with 50L of 0.1mol HC2H3O2 (Ka = 1.8*10^-5)?
8.72 (+ or -) 0.01
A student accidentally lost part of NH3 in a NH3 + NH4+ buffer system, what happens to the buffer capacity?
The capacity for acid reduces, the capacity for base remains the same, or the capacity for base is higher than that of acid.
If Q > K for a cell, what happens to the cell potential E?
E will be less than E standard.