Effects of Cold War
Wars that combined local issues with the international conflict between the US and the USSR (took place in Korea, Vietnam, Cuba, and Angola).
What was Proxy Wars?
This doctrine (1947) pledged the US to support any nation threatened by Communism and was a key policy in the early Cold War era.
What is the Truman Doctrine?
Decolonization often led to the rise of nationalist leaders who promoted this political ideology (for self-determination and sovereignty).
What is the nationalism?
This principle (from Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points) contributed to the rise of nationalist movements in colonized regions.
What is self-determination (the idea that people have the right to choose their own political status in colonized regions)?
Leader of the Chinese Communist Party.
Who was Mao Zedong?
Separated East and West Berlin as these two territories were either controlled by the Americans or the Soviets.
What was the Berlin Wall?
The creation of this military alliance (1949) was a response to Soviet expansionism and aimed to prove security for Western Europe against the threat of communism.
What is NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)?
This African country (aka Gold Coast) gained independence from British colonial rule in 1957, becoming the first sub-Saharan African nation to do so.
What is Ghana, led to independence by Kwame Nkrumah?
This global conflict weakened European colonial powers and contributed to the acceleration of decolonization movements.
What is WWII? (exhausted European powers economically and militarily making it difficult for them to maintain their empires)
The social/economic campaign initiated by the Chinese Communist Party from 1958 to 1962.
What was the Great Leap Forward?
A military alliance between Communist countries in East Europe to counter the threat of Capitalism in Europe.
What was Warsaw Pact?
The division of Europe into these two blocs after WWII heightened Cold War tensions.
What are the Eastern Bloc (aligned w/Soviet Union) and the Western Bloc (aligned w/US)?
This political party played a significant role in the partition of British India and the creation of Pakistan.
What is the Muslim League (led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah) advocating for the creation of a separate Muslim-majority state?
This global organization, founded after WWII, promoted decolonization and supported newly independent nations in their transition to self-governance.
What is the United Nations (UN)?
One major effect of the fall of Communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.
What was the Collapse of the Soviet Union OR breakup of the Eastern Bloc OR transition to market economy and democracy OR geopolitical realignment?
A proxy war (1975) primarily fought between the government, supported by the Soviet Union and Cuba, and various rebel groups, backed by the United States and South Africa.
What was Angolan Civil War?
The division of Europe into Eastern and Western blocs was a consequence of agreements made at this wartime conference.
What is the Yalta Conference?
One major challenge faced by many newly independent African nations was this issue, which often led to political instability and violence.
What is ethnic or tribal conflict?
This Indian nationalist movement, led by figures like Gandhi, used nonviolent resistance as a tactic against British colonial rule.
What is the Indian independence movement?
The causes of the fall of Communism on Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.
What was Economic stagnation OR loss of legitimacy OR reforms initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev?