Scientists & Discoveries
Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope and was the first to coin what word?
Cell
Describe the difference between a unicellular and a multicellular organism.
Unicellular means the organism is made of one cell. Multicellular means the organism is made of 2 or more cells.
I'm a bacteria! I have what type of cell?
Prokaryotic Cell
What is genetic variation?
It is the diversity in inherited traits among individuals within a population/species. It results in unique traits like hair color, blood type, or disease susceptibility. This variation is essential for survival, adaptation, and natural selection.
What is smaller... an atom or a cell?
An atom! Cells are made of atoms arranged into all different kinds of molecules.
Schleiden and Schwann were the first to confirm that all living things were made of cells, they did this by observing _______ and ________ cells. Identifying the cell as the basic structural and functional unit of life.
Plant and animal cells
Describe the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph.
Autotrophs obtain energy by making their own, usually through photosynthesis.
Heterotrophs obtain energy by consuming or absorbing other organisms.
I'm a prickly pear cactus! I have what type of cell?
Eukaryotic Cell
What would be an example of a favorable variation in the jungle?
Something that HELPS an organism survive in the jungle.
What is a chloroplast?
Chloroplasts are specialized, chlorophyll-containing organelles in plant and algae cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting solar energy into chemical energy.
Who was the first person to observe living cells under a microscope?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Describe two differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotes: simple, small, no nucleus
Eukaryotes: complex, bigger, has a nucleus
Name an organism that is multicellular, eukaryotic, and an autotroph.
Any plant
What would be an example of a unfavorable variation in the desert?
Something that HURTS an organisms ability to survive in the desert.
How many cells are in the human body?
Thousands, millions, billions, or trillions?
30-37 Trillion cells in the human body
Who was the scientist who went to the Galápagos Islands to observe finches, which provided critical evidence for his theory of evolution by natural selection, highlighting how creatures adapted to their environments?
Charles Darwin
Which type of organisms are typically unicellular?
Prokaryotes
Ex: bacteria
Name an organism that is multicellular, eukaryotic, and a heterotroph.
Any Animal or Fungi
What is an example of environmental change that could affect an organism’s survival?
Any kind of natural disaster, deforestation, flooding, fire, drought, climate change, pollution.
Can a multicellular organism have prokaryotic cells?
Give a yes/no answer and an explanation.
No, multicellular organisms require more complex structures and functions which cannot be provided with a prokaryotic cell.
What are the 3 parts to Cell Theory?
1. All living things are made of cells
2. Cells are the basic building blocks of life
3. All cells come from preexisting cells
What is something prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
(other than the fact they are both types of cells)
Both are living and have DNA.
Both have plasma membranes and cytoplasm.
Both have to reproduce and obtain energy in some way.
I am a unicellular eukaryote. What am I?
A protist of some kind
Ex: algae, amoeba, paramecium, euglena
A population of bacteria is exposed to an antibiotic. Most bacteria die, but a few individuals possess a gene that allows them to survive the antibiotic treatment.
What will happen to the bacterial population after several generations, and why?
The surviving bacteria will reproduce, leading to a population with higher antibiotic resistance.
What is the mitochondria?
Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles found in most eukaryotic cells, acting as the "powerhouse" by producing roughly 90% of cellular energy as ATP.