Neurotransmitters
What does dopamine do in the body?
Pleasure, motivation, reward system
What is the hippocampus responsible for?
memory
What is the minimum intensity of stimulus required for a neuron to fire?
Threshold
True or False: Is the somatic nervous System responsible for skeletal of voluntary muscles?
True
What is insomnia?
difficulty falling and staying asleep
Define Alzheimer's disease
progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes occur
What is the difference between the Bronca's area and the Wernicke's area in terms of function?
Bronca's is for speech production, while Wernicke's is for language comprehension
What is the period of a brief, inactive "reset" in which a neuron cannot fire again?
Refractory period
what does the central Nervous System include?
spinal cord and brain
What is withdrawal?
unpleasant physical and psychological symptoms following a person abruptly discontinues/reduces use of drug
What is acetylcholyine responsible for?
enabling voluntary movement and controls involuntary movements
What happened to Phineas Gage and what was the significance of it?
His frontal lobe got severed by a metal rod on the railroad, and he survived but had a severe personality change after.
What is the principle in which a neuron either fires completely or not at all?
All or nothing principle
What does the peripheral nervous System contain?
somatic and autonomic nervous system
Is leptin for satiation or hunger?
Satiation
What are excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?
Excitatory- promotes neural activity
Inhibitory- prevent or decrease likelihood of the receiving neuron firing
What are the specializations of each hemisphere of the brain?
Left- language, analytical thinking, logic
Right- spatial reasoning, creativity, emotion
What are glial cells?
non-neural cells that provide essential support, protection, and maintenance
What do interneurons do?
connect sensory neurons to motor neurons
What is the endocrine system?
system of glands and tissues that produce hormones to regulate bodily conditions
Define Substance P and its effects
mediates pain, touch, and temperature signals
What are the three parts of the brain stem? (and perhaps what are the functions)
Medulla, thalamus, pons
function- medulla: autonomic functions
thalamus: center for sensory and motor info
pons: sleep-wake cycle, and breathing
Draw a diagram of the neuron on the board and label the axons, dendrites, and myelin sheaths.
good luck
Sensory carries info from tissues and sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
Motor neurons carry signals from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
State the four stages of sleep in order
NREM-1, NREM-2, NREM-3, REM