Unit 1: English Colonies
How many English colonies were there?
13
I was appointed as general of the continental army. Who am I?
George Washington
This branch of government is responsible for creating laws.
Legislative Branch
I am a former soldier in the Continental Army who became frustrated by economic hardship and high taxes after the American Revolution. I led an armed rebellion in Massachusetts to protest debt collection and foreclosures, which exposed weaknesses in the national government under the Articles of Confederation.
Daniel Shays
In the 1830s, thousands of Native Americans were forced to leave their homelands in the southeastern United States and travel west along a deadly route, resulting in the deaths of many due to disease, hunger, and exposure.
Trail of Tears
In 1860, following the election of Abraham Lincoln, this southern state became the first to leave the United States, setting off a chain reaction that led to the formation of the Confederacy.
South Carolina
What year did the Civil War end?
1865
What crop made Jamestown profitable
Tobacco
Adopted on July 4, 1776, this document announced the American colonies' separation from Great Britain and declared that "all men are created equal."
Declaration of Independence
This Branch of government is responsible for determining the constitutionality of laws and executive orders.
Judicial Branch
I helped lead the American Revolution and later became the second President of the United States. As president, I strengthened the U.S. Navy during a conflict with France, signed the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts that limited criticism of the government, and worked to avoid a full-scale war through diplomacy.
John Adams
This 19th-century belief held that the United States was destined to expand across the North American continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, often used to justify westward expansion and territorial acquisition.
Manifest Destiny
During the Civil War, this transportation system was crucial for moving troops, weapons, and supplies quickly across long distances, giving both the Union and Confederacy a strategic advantage when controlled effectively.
Railroads
This period from 1865 to 1877 aimed to rebuild the Southern United States and integrate formerly enslaved people into society.
13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
Describe the geography of the New England Colonies
Rocky, forest, bad for farming
In 1770, tensions between colonists and British soldiers erupted in this deadly confrontation in Boston, which became a powerful symbol of British oppression and helped fuel support for the American Revolution.
Boston Massacre
This action allows the president to strike down a law before becoming official. Able to be overturned with 2/3 from the Senate.
Veto
I am a Founding Father who wrote the Declaration of Independence and helped define the idea that governments exist to protect natural rights. As President of the United States, I oversaw the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the nation, and I reduced the power of the federal government in favor of states’ rights.
Thomas Jefferson
I rose from a humble background to become a military hero after winning a major victory at the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812. As the 7th President of the United States, I expanded the power of the presidency, supported the “common man,” and enforced policies that led to the forced removal of Native American nations from their lands.
Andrew Jackson
This new communication technology allowed military leaders during the Civil War to send messages almost instantly over long distances, helping coordinate troop movements and strategy more quickly than ever before.
Telegraph
This federal agency was created in 1865 to provide food, housing, and education to formerly enslaved people and poor whites in the South.
Freedmen’s Bureau
What group of people originally settled in New England looking for religious freedom?
Pilgrims
This conflict is seen as the start of the causes of the American Revolution. It was originally fought over the Ohio River Valley and after winning the war, the English were in a great deal of debt. What was this conflict?
French and Indian War
What are the two sections of the legislative branch?
House of Representative and the Senate
I am the wife of a U.S. president and served as First Lady during a time of war. During the War of 1812, I became famous for saving important national treasures and documents from being destroyed when British forces burned the White House in Washington, D.C.
Dolly Madison
I was an abolitionist who believed slavery must end through force if necessary. I led a raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry in an attempt to start a slave uprising. My actions increased tensions between North and South and pushed the nation closer to civil war.
John Brown
I was a Union general during the Civil War known for my harsh “total war” strategy. I led a destructive march from Atlanta to the sea, targeting infrastructure and resources to weaken the Confederacy and speed up the end of the war.
William Tecumseh Sherman
These laws passed by Southern states after the Civil War restricted the freedom of African Americans and were designed to maintain a labor system similar to slavery.
Black Codes
I took command of the Jamestown colony and got them to start harvesting tobacco instead of looking for gold. I also had a romance with the young Pocahontas.Who am I?
John Smith
This decisive 1781 battle marked the last major military engagement of the American Revolution, where British General Cornwallis surrendered to American and French forces.
Battle of Yorktown
This government action allows the executive branch to create laws without the input of the legislative branch. It is, however, able to be repealed by the Judicial Branch. What is this action?
Executive order
I am the fifth President of the United States and a Founding Father. During my presidency, I issued a major foreign policy statement that warned European powers not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere, helping shape U.S. influence in the Americas for years to come.
James Monroe
I was born in a log cabin in Kentucky and rose from humble beginnings to become a lawyer and politician in Illinois. I served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives, where I opposed the expansion of slavery, and I became widely known for my debates against a leading Illinois senator during a major political campaign in 1858.
Abraham Lincoln
I was a U.S. senator and Secretary of War before the Civil War. When my state seceded from the Union, I became the president of the Confederate States of America, leading the Southern government throughout the conflict.
Jefferson Davis
This Supreme Court case in 1896 upheld racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine, effectively weakening Reconstruction-era civil rights gains.
Plessy v. Ferguson