Key Terms 1
What are nations politically and economically dominated or controlled by another more powerful country?
satellite nations
What is a political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and often racism and no tolerance of opposition?
Fascism
September 1, 1939 is the date generally thought of as the start of World War II. What happened?
Nazis invade Poland
At which 1945 meeting did the Big Three (Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin) discuss the plans for Germany, which included dividing it into four zones along with its capital city?
Yalta Conference
What physical structure was built during the Kennedy administration that served as a symbol of Cold War divisions between the US and USSR?
Berlin Wall
What was the Iron Curtain?
the political and military barrier that isolated Soviet-controlled countries of Eastern Europe after World War II
What is the government practice of spending borrowed money rather than raising taxes, usually in an attempt to boost the economy?
Deficit spending
December 7, 1941
During which event did Truman order the Air Force to drop food and supplies to a German city that was blockaded by Soviet forces?
Berlin Airlift
Who was the first person in space?
Yuri Gagarin
What is the domino theory?
the belief that if one nation in Asia fell to the communists, neighboring countries would follow
What does separate but equal mean?
a doctrine that permitted segregation as long as equal facilities were provided
General Dwight D. Eisenhower was given which title during his service during the Second World War?
Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces
What is NATO?
military alliance formed in 1949 against the Soviet Union in which the US and many Western European nations agreed to come to the aid of any member who was attacked
Which US senator is synonymous with congressional investigations of suspected communist activity during the 1950s?
Joseph McCarthy
What is to charge the holder of a public office with misconduct?
Impeachment
What is the term for persistent inflation combined with stagnant consumer demand and a relatively high unemployment?
stagflation
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
The last major German offensive in Western Europe that began in December 1944 as at attempt by German forces to cut off Allied supply lines from Belgium
What organization established after the end of WW2 consists of a General Assembly and Security Council?
United Nations
During Kennedy's administration, which covert operation (initiated by Eisenhower) aimed at toppling a newly established communist government in Cuba?
Bay of Pigs invasion
What is a liberal?
a person who generally believes the government should take an active role in the economy and in social programs but should not dictate social behavior
What is a filibuster?
an attempt to kill a bill by having a group of senators take turns speaking continuously so that a vote cannot take place
What was the name of the fascist dictator who established himself as the ruler of Italy in the 1930s?
Benito Mussolini
What is the postwar financial system established as a way to ensure global economic stability but collapsed in the 1970s after the Nixon Shock?
Bretton Woods system
Containment/limited military engagement aimed at keeping communism limited to existing regions