Exploration / Colonization
Colonize/Colonization
to settle in and take control of a foreign area, often by force, and send citizens to live there
(example: European powers colonizing the Americas)
Natural Harbor
a part of the ocean, a lake, etc., that is next to land and that is protected and deep enough to provide safety for ships
Colony
an area over which a foreign nation or state extends or maintains control
Christopher Columbus
“Discovered” the Americas and started the Columbian Exchange
Roger Williams
Expelled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and then founded the colony of Rhode Island.
Exploration
exploration of regions of the world for commercial, religious, military, and other purposes
Physical Characteristic
Describe the natural environment of the place.
Religious tolerance
willingness to allow other people to have religious beliefs and practices that you yourself do not agree with:
Pocahontas
Married an Englishman and helped improve relations between the Indians and colonists in Jamestown.
James Oglethorpe
Founder of Georgia colony
Push Factor
negative conditions, hardships, or safety issues in a specific place that drive people to leave and move somewhere else.
New England Colonies
Whaling, fishing, shipbuilding, trade
Religious Persecution
Persistent mistreatment of an individual or group by another group because of their religious beliefs.
Squanto
Kidnapped and eventually learned to speak English while in England
William Penn
Founder of Pennsylvania colony
Pull factor
a positive quality, condition, or benefit in a new location that attracts people to move there
Middle Colonies
“Bread basket colonies” - grew grains, raised livestock
social contract
Government or control of a country, group, etc., by its own members rather than by the members of a different country, group, etc.
John Smith
Enforced a “no work, no food” policy in Jamestown; established trade with the Powhatan
Thomas Hooker
Founder of Connecticut colony
3 G’s
God, Gold, and Glory - the main motivations for European exploration to the Americas
Southern Colonies
Agriculture like tobacco, rice, indigo - slavery was also very popular in this region.
Representative government
a system where citizens elect officials to make laws, formulate policy, and govern on their behalf
John Winthrop
governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony
Pilgrim
Left England because they faced persecution from Religious authorities.