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What is an anticodon?
Nucleotide sequence found at the 3' end of a tRNA molecule
What is CCA?
States that bond flexibility will be greater at the 5' end of the anticodon
What is wobble hypothesis?
Each gene contains information needed to make each enzyme
What is the One Gene, One Enzyme Hypothesis?
What are housekeeping genes?
Family of enzymes that bind to uncharged tRNA and corresponding amino acid
What is aminoacyl tRNA synthetase?
Type of mRNA that can encode more than one polypeptide chain within the same RNA molecule
What is polycistronic mRNA?
Causes deacylated tRNA to move from the P site to E site
Allows for the intricate control and regulation of cellular processes in eukaryotes
What is compartmentalization?
The fastest method of regulating of gene expression
What is post-translational modifications?
What allows/aids in the disassembly of the remaining components of the initiation complex?
What is GTP hydrolysis?
Insulin is produced in these cells of the endoplasmic reticulum
This family of receptor cells bind to insulin, allowing glycose to be transported across the plasma membrane
What are receptor kinases?
A family of proteins that come from the same mRNA transcript, varying only through post-translational modifications
What are isoforms?
The most efficient method of regulating gene expression
What is transcriptional regulation?
During negative transcriptional regulation, the repressor protein binds to ______ and is coded for by the _____ coding sequence
What are the operator and the lacI?
When lactose binds to the repressor protein itself, inducing a conformational change that prohibits the repressor protein from binding to the operator.
What is allosteric inhibition of the lac operon?
This exon is missing from the mRNA sequence in skeletal muscles, but present in mRNA sequences in the liver
What is exon 11?
During post-transitional modifications, preproinsulin becomes a fully functional insulin protein by losing these chains/sequences
This type of regulation occurs at the lac operon in the absence of glucose
What is positive regulation?
This type of feedback inhibits the inhibitor of a signal
What is double-negative feedback?
Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the cell causes cAMP concentrations to ______.
Increase
In Kermode "Spirit" Bears, the white bear differs from the normal black bear because of a modified protein product from this specific gene
What is the mc1r gene (melanocortin 1 receptor gene)
Lactase resides in this specific region of the cell membrane of intestinal cell
What is the apical surface of enterocyte cells of microvilli?
A newborn baby develops jaundice, cataracts, an enlarged liver, and kidney damage after the first month of life. They likely have this specific disorder.
What is galactosemia?