Vocabulary
What is the cultivation of soil, planting, raising and harvesting crops and livestock?
Agriculture
What term describes people who move from place to place in search of food?
nomadic
Name the type of geographic setting where agriculture first appeared.
River valleys
What does it mean for a country to have a trade deficit?
They import more than they export.
What type of map shows a region’s elevation?
Topographic Map
What is the total market value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a period?
GDP
How did foragers spend their time?
collecting about 3000 calories of food, migrating, leisure
What is one cause that contributed to the Agricultural Revolution?
End of the Ice Age and human migration; areas of increased abundance; population pressure
Which type of mixed economy has government ownership of key industries and a free market?
democratic socialism
Give one reason people living on opposite sides of a mountain range might develop different cultures.
They don't have contact with each other and will develop separately.
In which economic system does the government make most economic decisions?
Command Economy
Describe one way foragers modified the environment that aided hunting or plant availability.
fire stick farming
Explain why population tended to increase after the transition from foraging to farming.
People had more food available.
Explain how specialization in trade under globalization affects national interdependence.
Countries give up producing more goods to become efficient at producing one good, and then must rely on other countries to import what they don't have.
Provide one example of adaptation to environment.
Several answers
What is the increasing interconnectedness of countries through trade, communication, and culture?
Globalization
What kind of evidence do we have from the Foraging Era?
human remains, artifacts, tools, studies of modern day foragers
Describe one disadvantage of early farming communities.
Less varied diet; rise of epidemic diseases
What is a problem with using GDP as a measure of economic success?
It doesn't contain non-market activities or underground economic activities. It doesn't measure standard of living.
Provide one example of modification of the environment
Various answers
Which theory of human/environment interaction posits that the environment sets limits but humans choose adaptations?
possibilism
How were foraging societies organized?
Family groups
How did the rise of agriculture contribute to urbanization and more complex social institutions?
It prompted the need to manage the food surplus, which led to the development of governments and early economic systems.
What issues might a country in a trade deficit generally face?
Susceptible to price changes abroad
Explain how globalization can affect environments beyond national borders.
Invasive species, pollution, etc.