Biologics
When should a clinician begin to suspect biological WMD?
Multiple, simultaneous events*
Dead animals
Large numbers of patients with high toxicity and death rate
What is the first step in caring for a patient with exposure to ionizing radiation?
Decontamination
Titration of atropine dosing for treatment of organophosphate toxidrome is based on what clinical end-point?
Resolution of:
Airway secretions
Bronchorrhea
Which subtle ENT exam finding necessitates additional workup and observation following exposure to an explosion?
Tympanic membrane perforation
What medication is indicated in patients 40yrs old and younger with prolonged ionizing radiation exposure to prevent endocrine carcinogenesis?
Potassium Iodide
What is the name of the bacteria that killed 5 people in the 2001 US Bioterrorism attack shortly after 9/11?
Bacillus anthracis
What is the mechanism of action of ionizing radiation on living tissue?
DNA damage
Nerve agents such as Sarin, Tabun, Soman, and VX inhibit which critical enzyme?
acetylcholinesterase
Nails, ball-bearings, and scrap metal are examples of shrapnel that becomes projectiles causing penetrating injuries in some bombings. Which category of blast injury is this?
Secondary blast injury
Which antibiotic is the backbone of treatment for all forms of anthrax?
Ciprofloxacin
While not always required, transmissibility of a pathogen is a desirable characteristic of biologic WMD. This is measured by the basic reproduction number, also called the ___?
Ro
or "R - not"
What type of ionizing radioactive device is most likely to be used in an attack on civilians?
Medical radiation device
What is the most readily available decontamination solution for mustard gas or similar vesicant exposure?
Dilute bleach
1:10 hypochlorite solution
This technology has surpassed traditional military weaponry in number of combatant fatalities in the most recent conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza.
Drone warefare
Name 1 antibiotic that is used in treatment of all forms of plague.
Ciprofloxacine
Doxycycline
Streptomycin
Gentamicin
Chloramphenicol
What is the case fatality rate for pneumonic plague (Yersinia pestis) in untreated patients?
+/- 10%
99%
What effect from a nuclear explosion causes the greatest loss of life?
Societal collapse
What patient activity level should be ordered for a patient admitted with Phosgene inhalation?
Bedrest
Post-exposure prophylaxis for which blood borne pathogen should be administered to victims of terror associated blast injuries?
Hepatitis B vaccination
List 2 of the 3 primary treatments for severe organophosphate toxicity.
Atropine
pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM)
diazepam
This untreatable illness represents a "high-risk" bioterrorism weapon against the USA as most of the population is no longer vaccinated since the discontinuation of the vaccine program in 1972.
Small-pox (Variola)
What fraction of radiation exposure patients arrive to the hospital without prehospital decontamination?
+/- 10%
80%
The metabolic acidosis resulting from cyanide toxicity is the result of what intracellular mechanism?
Mitochondrial poisoning
Cytochrome / ETC inhibition
Histotoxic asphyxiation
What delayed pathology can be missed on initial ED workup of primary blast injury patients?
Blast lung
Pulmonary contusion
This medication is used as pretreatment during warfare in anticipation for nerve agent exposure.
Pyridostigmine