Weather vs climate
How are climate and weather different?
Climate is what you expect (over time), weather is what you get (that day).
This term names the gap between a day's highest and lowest temperature.
Diurnal temperature range (日较差).
This is the definition of an isotherm.
A line connecting places with equal temperature.
This term covers all liquid/solid water falling from clouds to the ground.
Precipitation
These two regions receive the highest rainfall. These two regions receive the highest rainfall.
The equatorial zone and Southeast Asia's monsoon area.
In what time scales do we measure weather?
Minutes, hours, and days.
Temperatures are usually lowest at this time of day.
Just before dawn.
Isotherms generally follow these imaginary lines.
Lines of latitude.
This theory explains rain forming when water and ice coexist below 0°C.
The Bergeron theory.
Rain falls where air does this; deserts form where air does the opposite.
Rising and cooling (vs. sinking and warming).
Scientists call 30-year averages of weather observations by this two-word term.
Climate Normals (气候常值).
This property describes how land and air absorb/release heat at different rates.
Thermal inertia (热惯性).
These two factors cause isotherms to bend.
Land-sea contrast and ocean currents.
1 mm of precipitation equals this amount of water per square metre.
1 litre
Trade winds bring plentiful subtropical rain to this side of continents.
The east coast.
This lowest layer of the atmosphere is where most weather happens.
The troposphere (对流层).
The Northern Hemisphere is warmer during these three months due to Earth's tilt.
June, July, and August.
In July, the isotherm pattern compared to January does this.
Reverses
Name one non-Bergeron way raindrops can form.
Condensation on hygroscopic nuclei, coalescence by sweeping, or electrical attraction.
In high latitudes, this side of continents is generally wetter.
The west coast.
In the U.S., systematic weather records go back over this many years.
140 years.
Humid/cloudy regions tend to have this kind of diurnal range.
A smaller range.
What hemisphere's greater landmass causes isotherm deviations to be more pronounced in January?
The Northern Hemisphere.
The world's average yearly precipitation is roughly this.
About 100 cm (39 inches).
Rain is abundant on this mountain slope but sparse on the lee side.
The windward slope.