1
Where can you find Geothermal spas in Europe?
Provence is famous for what kind of fields?
*1.15
Iceland;
Lavender
Today's prime minister is equivalent to ________________________ in the medieval Europe.
Mayor(s) of the palace
Duke Otto of Saxony
In 962 CE, ________________ Empire was founded.
Holy Roman Empire
The way of using farmland that could prevent fields from running out of nutrition was called:
*1.3
Crop rotation
_________, son of Charles Martel, defeated ____________. After this, the pope rewarded him land, which became known as the _________________.
*1.34
Pepin;
Lombards;
Papal States
Who was the first Germanic ruler to accept Christianity?
Clovis
The period of Charlemagne strengthening his empire was called:
*1.22
Carolingian Renaissance
Definition of fjord:
a long, narrow sea inlet with steep cliffs formed by glacial erosion and seawater
What is benefices (estates)?
What is fief?
Benefices (estates) were land given from a king to a noble;
Fief were land given from a lord to a vassal
Which group of the Germanic groups was the strongest?
Which family led them?
(Write the spellings down on the whiteboard)
Franks;
the Merovingian family
Male Christian monks lived in ________, led by ________.
Female Christian monks lived in __________, led by ________.
monastery, abbot;
convent, abbess
Many invaders attacked Europeans kingdoms since the 700s CE. Tell three groups of people along with where they came from.
*1.21
Muslims from North Africa, Magyars from Hungary, Vikings from Scandinavia
To which parts of land did the Vikings travel to?
5 answers
Islands of Greenland, Iceland, parts of North America, England, Russia, Ukraine, Normandy
Tell five equipment a knight would need to fight in a battle.
Chainmail, plate armor, plate helmet, weapons, and a horse.
What made the Vikings so good at navigating the sea?
Due to this, what did the Vikings do?
Scandinavia was not suitable for farming. The Vikings started to sail across seas for trade, but they later started to attack other kingdoms and tribes for stealing and destroying.
Why was Charles Martel the 'actual leader' of the Franks?
*1.17
The pope supported Charles Martel because he wanted to restore order and strengthen Christianity in Western Europe
The Concordat of Worms stated that kings and bishops could:
Only the pope could choose bishops, and
only the king or emperor could give govt jobs to bishops
What was a medieval manor consisted of?
*1.1
Lord's castle, church, village green, and fields
Tell four things peasants ate during the medieval timeperiod.
Black bread, pigeon, hedgehog, beaver, peacock, pastries (not the same as today), garbage, etc...
How did Charles earn a new title "Charlemagne"? Be as detailed as possible when you provide your answer.
*1.16
After Pepin died in 768 CE, Charles became the next king. He attacked neighboring kingdoms and converted them to Christians. Many Western Europeans were ruled by one govt because of this. His kingdom later grew into an empire.
Explain feudalism by describing the relationships of all the groups of people that belonged to the system.
*1.27
Lord, vassal, knights, peasants
What was the process of becoming an official knight in the medieval times?
*1.24
1. You have to begin apprenticeship at the age of 7.
2. You have to spend 14 years as an apprentice. First 7 years as a page, and the second 7 years as a squire.
3. You are recognized as a knight in the Accolade.
4. You need enough money to purchase and prepare equipment.
What did monks do in monasteries?
4 answers
*1.2
Taught carpentry and weaving
farming
copied Christian writings in Roman and Greek words
made religious paintings and letterings
taught people
provided medicational help to people in need.
What was the role of a page and a squire? What did they learn?
*1.18
They were both apprentices, who trained to become knights.
A page would learn manners, religion, and basic fitness in a lord's castle.
A squire would become a personal assistant to an active knight. He would learn swordsmanship, handling warhorses, and managing armor.