The intellectuals of the Enlightenment were called
philosophes
200
Enlightenment thinker who argued for freedom of speech, religion, and criticized prejudice and oppression.
Voltaire
200
Name one of the Enlightenment era musicians AND describe why he was so important.
Haydn...created first symphony
Mozart...new standard for originality
Beethoven....used emotion and range
200
The idea that American colonists had the freedom to make their own laws (but that they were still subject to the laws of England)
Salutary neglect
200
Leader of the slave uprising in Haiti
Toussaint L'ouverture
300
This Enlightenment thinker believed that humans are naturally cruel and selfish so needed to be protected from themselves (he supported absolute monarchy)
Thomas Hobbes
300
Enlightenment thinker who argued for separation of powers
Montesquieu
300
Promoted the theory of capitalism and laissez-faire economics
Adam Smith
300
Explain how 1 Enlightenment idea was used in the setup of the American government after the American Revolution
Separation of powers, checks and balances, consent of the governed, fair and speedy trial, freedom of speech
300
This more than doubled the United States....bought from France in 1803 for 15 million $
Louisiana Purchase
400
Enlightenment thinker who believed in the idea of the social contract (people give up power and rights to a king who provides law and order)
Thomas Hobbes
400
Enlightenment thinker who believed people are naturally good, power corrupts them, and that they form a social contract based on the common good...he supported direct democracy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
400
Essays and sketches on a wide variety of topics like political, scientific, and cultural ideas collected by Diderot.
Encyclopedia
400
French fortress stormed by the citizens of Paris when rumors circulated that the king was going to send his army in.
Bastille
400
What were 2 positive effects Napoleon had on France?
Ended financial crisis and unequal class system, made public schools and law code, brought glory to the French people
500
Enlightenment thinker who believed people are born with natural rights (life, liberty, property)
John Locke
500
Enlightenment thinker who argued that people accused on crimes should be given fair and speedy trials and that capital punishment/torture should be abolished.
Cesare Beccaria
500
Argued for more opportunities for women for education and professions.
Mary Wollstonecraft
500
When 40,000 "traitors" were executed within a year; it ended when Robespierre was executed
Reign of Terror
500
What are 2 negative effects Napoleon had on France?
His rule ended Enlightenment ideas of democracy, led to a conflict between rule by strong monarchs and democratic governments