They were groups with extended families clustering together to form clans and larger units such as bands and tribes.
100
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
The Mandate of Heaven was given to a ruler and when they lost it, their empire would collapse and a new empire would arise. It would fall because of a wrongdoing by the emperor.
100
What are the 3 early ages and why were they given their names?
The Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age. They were given their names corresponding to the materials used to make they tools.
100
What was the first way of obtaining food used by people beginning in the stone age?
Hunting and gathering with simple bartering between groups with very limited specialization if there was any.
100
Compare the roles of women between 8000BCE and 600 CE.
In 8000 BCE women were closer to being equal as they needed to be able to survive with hunting and gathering. Once civilizations emerged, women were put behind men in social status.
200
What began after agricultural societies were formed?
Specialized labor
200
What did those using open-water navigation depend on?
They relied on sails, improved ships, and on yearly monsoons.
200
What were the key technologies used between 8000-600 BCE?
The wheel, hoes, plows, pottery, woven textiles, calendars, metallurgy(use of metal), horse riding, chariots, bows and arrows.
200
When did agriculture begin?
In the Neolithic revolution agriculture was in the beginning stages. The people found that it was a more consistent way to have a constant supply of food.
200
What developed around 3500-1200 BCE social structure wise?
Caste systems, gender division,and patriarchalism
300
What was the act of telling stories from person to person rather then writing them down?
Oral traditions
300
Who were the Dravidians?
They were Indo-Europeans known as the Aryans who invaded northern India. They were lighter-skinned horseback rider who conquered darker skinned natives.
300
What were common religions between 8000-600 BCE?
polytheistic pantheons, Vedism, Hebrew monotheism, and Zoroastrianism.
300
What were some of the main trade networks between 8000-600 BCE
Egyptian-Nubian trade, take between Mesopotamia and the Indus River valley, and the Phoenician trade throughout the Mediterranean.
300
What are diaspora communities?
Communities formed by refugees, migrants, and traders making communities far from their original origins.
400
What was the law code created by an early Babylonian King that often included harsh punishments like death and mutilation that often favored the elite?
Hammurabi's law code
400
What are Brahmas, Vishnus, and Shivas?
Brahma-> masculine personification of the world soul
Vishnu-> the preserver is a savior figure and a great friend to humanity
Shiva-> the destroyer, the dancing god of creation and destruction. It reflects the duality of life and death
400
What were the main technological innovations developed between 600 BCE and 600 CE?
Maritime transportation(lateen sails and boats like junks or dhows), animal domestication, and tools used with animals(yokes, saddles, stirrups).
400
What does the infrastructure of states include and what did it do?
It included markets, roads, harbors,and other facilities maintained by the states. These supported local, regional and transregional trade.
400
Where did the first states develop?
The Middle East (Mesopotamia and Egypt), the Indus River Valley(Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa), China(the Shang), Mesoamerica(Olmecs), and the Andes of South America(the Chavin).
500
What was it called when a person was put to work to pay off taxes or debts they owed?
debt slavery or indentured servitude.
500
Who attempted to heal the sick, prayed to the spirits for success in hunting, and enforced taboos or forbidden behaviors?
Those who believed in shamanism.
500
What languages were developed and spread between 600 BCE and 600 CE?
Sanskrit, Mandarin, and Latin were used in large empires and spread with the spread of religion.
500
What were the major trade routes used between 600BCE and 600CE?
The Mediterranean Sea, the Indian Ocean basin, trans-Saharan caravan routes, and Eurasia's Silk Roads.
500
Why did states die off?
Some states used all of their recourses, some were attacked by neighboring states, and some became so large that they became out of control from the inside and fell apart. There were also natural disasters.