🧬 NATURAL SELECTION
What is natural selection?
The process in which organisms with helpful inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
What is the process by which new species form.
What is speciation?
What is the main difference between vascular and non-vascular plants?
Vascular plants have specialized tissues that transport water and nutrients.
Maintaining a stable internal environment even when outside conditions change.
What is homeostasis?
What is the main job of the circulatory system?
To transport materials such as oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes throughout the body.
hat must exist in a population for natural selection to occur?
Variation in inherited traits.
What is geographic isolation?
major factor that can cause populations to become separated and eventually form new species based on landforms.
What are the two main vascular tissues found in plants?
Xylem and phloem
Which body system helps regulate body temperature when you become too hot?
The nervous system helps detect the change and coordinate a response.
What organ pumps blood throughout the body?
The heart
A population of insects has some individuals that are resistant to a pesticide. After the pesticide is used, the resistant insects survive and reproduce. What is happening?
Natural selection
Two populations of the same species become separated by a mountain range. Over many generations, they become very different. What could eventually occur?
Speciation — the populations could become separate species.
Which tissue transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant?
Xylem
You become hot while exercising, and your body begins to sweat. How does sweating help maintain homeostasis?
Sweating helps cool the body and return body temperature toward its normal range.
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
A=Away
Over many generations, a helpful trait becomes more common in a population. What has most likely happened?
Natural selection caused the frequency of the helpful allele to increase.
What does reproductive isolation mean?
Two populations can no longer successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Which type of plant is usually small and must live in moist environments because it does not have vascular tissue? Example: Moss
Non-vascular plant. (Bryophytes)
person's blood glucose level becomes too high after eating. The body releases insulin, which helps lower blood glucose. What does this example demonstrate?
Homeostasis
Which blood vessels allow oxygen, nutrients, and wastes to move between the blood and body cells?
Capillaries
A population of bacteria contains both antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant bacteria. An antibiotic is used, and most non-resistant bacteria die. The resistant bacteria survive and reproduce. What will most likely happen to the population over many generations?
Antibiotic resistance will become more common in the population.
A population of frogs becomes separated when a river changes course. Over many generations, the two groups experience different environmental conditions and develop different traits. Eventually, they can no longer successfully reproduce with one another. What process has occurred?
Speciation
A plant has roots, stems, leaves, and vascular tissue that transports water throughout the plant. Vascular or Non-vascular
The plant is a vascular plant because it has specialized tissues for transporting materials.
A person's body temperature rises above its normal range. The body responds by sweating and increasing blood flow near the skin. Why is this response important?
It helps lower body temperature and return the internal environment toward a stable condition.
Blood travels from the heart to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen. It then returns to the heart before being pumped to the rest of the body. What is the main purpose of this pathway?
To pick up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to body cells.