EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN/HOMEOSTASIS
A student conducted an original, well-designed experiment, carefully following proper scientific procedure. In order for the conclusions to become generally accepted, the experiment must
(1) contain several experimental variables
(2) be repeated to verify the reliability of the data
(3) support the original hypothesis
(4) be conducted by a scientist
(2) be repeated to verify the reliability of the data
Which human activity would most likely result in the addition of an organism to the endangered species list?
(1) cover cropping
(3) use of erosion controls
(2) use of pollution controls
(4) habitat destruction
(4) habitat destruction
The creation of wildlife refuges and the enforcement of game laws are conservation measures that promote increased
(1) use of biocides
(2) preservation of species
(3) use of biological controls
(4) exploitation of species
(2) preservation of species
Which term describes the bird and the cat in the following pattern of energy flow?
sun --> grass --> grasshopper --> bird --> cat
(1) herbivores
(2) saprophytes
(3) predators
(4) omnivores
(3) predators
Which process would include a net movement of sugar molecules through a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration?
(1) osmosis
(2) cyclosis
(3) active transport
(4) passive transport
(3) active transport
The first living things to grow successfully on a newly formed sand dune are known as
(1) saprophytes
(2) pioneer organisms
(3) carnivorous plants
(4) heterotrophs
(2) pioneer organisms
One practice that has successfully increased the number of bald eagles in the United States is the
(1) protection of their natural habitat
(2) importation of food to their nesting sites
(3) preservation of other eagle species that occupy the same niche
(4) increased use of pesticides
(1) protection of their natural habitat
A characteristic shared by both predators and parasites is that they
(1) feed on decomposing plant material
(3) live inside their hosts
(2) capture and kill animals for food
(4) attack a living food source
(4) attack a living food source
Which organelle contains hereditary factors and controls most cell activities?
(1) nucleus
(2) chloroplasts and mitochondria
(3) vacuole
(4) endoplasmic reticulum
(1) nucleus
Which procedure must be followed for the results of an experiment to be considered valid?
(1) The experiment must be repeated a number of times and yield similar results.
(2) After one trial, the results of the experiment must be published.
(3) The results must be expressed in the form of a table or graph.
(4) The data must include metric measurements
(1) The experiment must be repeated a number of times and yield similar results.
What is a characteristic of a stable environment?
(1) It usually contains only one type of producer.
(2) It usually contains a great diversity of species.
(3) It contains simple food chains that have more consumers than producers.
(4) It contains complex food webs that have more heterotrophs than autotrophs
(2) It usually contains a great diversity of species.
Which human activity would most likely result in the addition of an organism to the endangered species list?
(1) cover cropping
(3) use of erosion controls
(2) use of pollution controls
(4) habitat destruction
(4) habitat destruction
Which organisms would most likely have a predator-prey relationship?
(1) tapeworm and dog
(2) barnacle and whale
(3) hawk and mouse
(4) rabbit and grass
(3) hawk and mouse
Which structures are found in every living cell?
(1) a plasma membrane and cytoplasm
(2) chloroplasts and mitochondria
(3) a cell wall and nucleus
(4) centrioles and chromosomes
(1) a plasma membrane and cytoplasm
Which term is defined as all the chemical reactions that are required to sustain life?
(1) metabolism
(2) nutrition
(3) regulation
(4) synthesis
(1) metabolism
In the process of ecological succession, one community replaces another until
(1) all animal populations are replaced by plants
(3) all the biotic factors are of one species
(2) heterotrophs become the dominant organisms
(4) a climax community is established
(4) a climax community is established
Which negative human environmental influence is matched with the positive influence that has helped to correct
it?
(1) overhunting – pollution controls
(3) importation of organisms – energy conservation
(2) disposal problems – species preservation
(4) pesticide use – biological control of insects
(4) pesticide use – biological control of insects
Which statement describes a pyramid of energy?
(1) As energy is transferred from one organism to another, a net gain occurs.
(2) As energy is transferred from one organism to another, some of it becomes unavailable.
(3) No loss of biologically useful energy occurs after energy is changed in form.
(4) There are always more prey organisms than producers in a community.
(2) As energy is transferred from one organism to another, some of it becomes unavailable.
If the external environment of a living cell has a greater concentration of salt than the cytoplasm within the cell, the cell will tend to
(1) divide
(2) excrete salt
(3) increase its size
(4) lose water
(4) lose water
Which reactions in the list below are associated with metabolism?
( A ) cellular reactions that release energy
( B ) photosynthetic reactions that store energy
( C ) muscle reactions that use energy
(1) A and B , only
(2) B and C , only
(3) A and C , only
(4) A , B , and C
(4) A , B , and C
Antibiotic X has a unique characteristic in that it fluoresces (glows) when exposed to ultraviolet light. An investigator added antibiotic X to a dish containing a culture of cells. She exposed the cells to ultraviolet light and found that antibiotic X was highly concentrated within mitochondria. Which assumption could the investigator make regarding the results of this experiment?
(1) Antibiotic X could be used to identify mitochondria in living cells.
(2) Antibiotic X could be used to stain nuclei of living cells.
(3) All fluorescent materials will be absorbed by mitochondria.
(4) All antibiotics will be absorbed by mitochondria
(1) Antibiotic X could be used to identify mitochondria in living cells.
Which human activity would most likely have a positive impact on the environment?
(1) using pesticides to decrease populations of birds of prey
(2) increasing emissions into the atmosphere to decrease the pH of lakes
(3) using parasites for biological control of pests to increase crop yields
(4) engaging in uncontrolled hunting and trapping to reduce populations of carnivores
(3) using parasites for biological control of pests to increase crop yields
When a rabbit eats a plant, nutrients from the plant become incorporated into the tissues of the rabbit. During this
process, some of the energy from these nutrients is lost in the form of heat and unavailable chemical energy. This
energy loss partly explains why total energy is greater in
(1) predator populations than in prey populations
(2) consumer populations than in producer populations
(3) producer populations than in consumer populations
(4) predator populations than in scavenger populations
(3) producer populations than in consumer populations
Which cytoplasmic organelles contain hereditary material and can undergo replication?
(1) chloroplasts and cell walls
(2) cell membranes and ribosomes
(3) endoplasmic reticula and food vacuoles
(4) mitochondria and chloroplasts
(4) mitochondria and chloroplasts