Vocabulary
War at Home
War in the Trenches
Red Scare/Strikes/Race riots
Potpourri
100
The spreading of ideas about an institution or an individual for the purpose of influencing opinion.
What is propaganda?
100
Created by Congress and run by Bernard Baruch,this organization coordinated production of war materials. It also told manufacturers what to produce, ordered the construction of new factories and set prices and wages.
What is the War Industries Board?
100
The space between opposing trenches characterized by a rough, barren landscape and pockmarked with craters from artillery fire.
What is no man's land?
100
In 1918, this Act, along with the court case of "Schenck v. the United States" made it illegal to voice any public expression of opposition to the war. It allowed officials to prosecute anyone who criticized the President or the government, especially if it constituted a "clear and present danger". It was often used as an excuse to get rid of "undesirables" such as immigrants or suspected Communists.
What is the Sedition Act?
100
This was a message sent from Germany to Mexico which was intercepted by the British. It proposed that Mexico ally itself with Germany in the event of war between Germany and the United States. In return, Germany promised Mexico would "regain" its lost territory in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona.
What is the Zimmermann telegram?
200
Payments by the losing country in a war to the winner for the damages caused by the war.
What are reparations?
200
The Food Administration, headed by Herbert Hoover, encouraged citizens to plant these in an effort to leave more food for the troops.
What are victory gardens?
200
Germans first used this type of warfare to break through the stalemates of trench warfare. It caused vomiting, blindness, and suffocation.
What is poison gas warfare?
200
Name 2 conditions African Americans faced after the end of WWI.
What are: 1) Racism. (Chicago beach incident) 2) Competition for housing and jobs.
200
Name 3 countries on the Allied side and 3 counties on the Central Powers
Who are: 1) Allies: France, Russia, Great Britain, Italy and the United States. 2) Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria
300
A system in which merchant ships travel with naval vessels for protection.
What is the convoy system?
300
To fund the war effort, Congress raised income taxes, placed taxes on corporate profits, and the government sold these, which essentially loaned the U.S. government money from the American citizens. The government agreed to pay the money back to those who lent it at a future date plus interest.
What are Liberty/Victory bonds?
300
A medical condition peculiar to trench life. It was a fungal infection caused by cold, wet and unsanitary trench conditions. It could turn gangrenous and result in amputation.
Who is trench foot?
300
During the 1919 Boston Police strike, in which 75 percent of the police forced walked off the job, and in turn led to riots and looting, this governor of Massachusetts (and future U.S. President) declared, "There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, anytime."
Who is Calvin Coolidge?
300
This battle, led by General Pershing, shattered German defenses and opened a hole in the German line leading to an Allied victory.
What is the Battle of the Argonne Forest?
400
A temporary agreement to stop fighting.
What is an armistice?
400
He ran the Fuel Administration which managed the nation's use of coal and oil during the war. To conserve energy, he introduced daylight savings time and shortened workweeks for factories that did not make war materials.
Who is Harry Garfield?
400
These vermin were a major problem in the trenches. They spread infection, gorged themselves on human remains (grotesquely disfiguring them by eating their eyes and liver) and could grow to the size of a cat. Men, exasperated and afraid of these vermin (which would even scamper across their faces in the dark), would attempt to rid the trenches of them by various methods: gunfire, with the bayonet, and even by clubbing them to death.
What are rats?
400
Economic problems, labor unrest, racial tensions and fresh memories of WWI, led the country to elect this man as President in 1920 on a ticket of "Returning to Normalcy"
Who is Warren Harding?
400
Lenin signed this treaty with Germany, which essentially pulled Russia out of WWI, so it could focus on forming a Communist government. Under this treaty, Russia lost territory, but German troops left Russia.
What is the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
500
Type of warfare in which an armed band carries out surprise attacks and sabotage rather than open warfare.
What is guerrilla warfare?
500
This Committee had the task of “selling” the war to the American people. The head of this committee was journalist George Creel, who recruited advertising executives, commercial artists. authors, songwriters, entertainers, public speakers, and motion picture companies to sway public opinion in favor of the war.
What was the Committee on Public Information?
500
These pests were a never-ending problem, breeding in the seams of filthy clothing and causing men to itch unceasingly. They caused Trench Fever, a particularly painful disease that began suddenly with severe pain followed by high fever. Recovery - away from the trenches - took up to twelve weeks. Even when clothing was periodically washed and , their eggs invariably remained hidden in the seams; within a few hours of the clothes being re-worn the body heat generated would cause the eggs to hatch.
What are lice?
500
When a string of bombs exploded in 8 cities across the United States in 1919, it fueled a Red Scare that communists were behind it. When A. Mitchell Palmer's house was bombed he went on a series of raids with the Central Intelligence Division(F.B.I.). Even though evidence pointed to no single group responsible for the attacks, he focused on foreign residents and immigrants. Name 3 ways that civil liberties of residents were violated.
What are: 1) Searches without a warrant. 2) Jailing suspects indefinitely. 3) Limited lawyer-client communication. 4) Deportation.
500
Name 3 of the major terms Germany had to agree to with regard to the Treaty of Versailles.
What are: #1) Germany had to admit blame for starting the war. #2) Germany had to pay war reparations to the Allies in the amount of $33 billion. #3) Germany was stripped of its armed forces and was not allowed to re-arm/militarize. #4) Germany was stripped of 25,000 miles of territory and 7,000,000 people when new countries/territories formed. (Poland Czechoslovakia)
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