DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is a gene?
A section of DNA that contains genetic information
What structures contain DNA and genes?
Chromosomes
What is a genotype?
An organism’s combination of alleles
How many sides does a hexagon have?
6
Where is most DNA found in a human body cell?
The nucleus
What is an allele?
A different version of a gene
How many chromosomes are normally found in a human body cell?
46
What is a phenotype?
An observable characteristic or trait
What is the largest planet in our Solar System?
Jupiter
What is a mutation?
A change in DNA
How many alleles for a gene does a person usually inherit, and where do they come from?
Two — one from each parent
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans normally have?
23 pairs
Is Bb a genotype or phenotype?
Genotype
What animal is known as the fastest land animal?
Cheetah
What is the main role of DNA?
To store genetic information/instructions
If B is dominant and b is recessive, what type of genotype is Bb?
Heterozygous
Why do chromosomes usually occur in pairs in human body cells?
One chromosome in each pair comes from each parent
In a simple model where B = dominant brown fur and b = recessive white fur, what phenotype would an animal with Bb have?
Brown fur
What country is home to the Great Pyramid of Giza?
Egypt
A mutation in DNA can sometimes change what observable feature of an organism?
Its phenotype/trait
If T is dominant and t is recessive, which genotypes can show the dominant trait?
TT and Tt
Down syndrome is usually caused by an extra copy of which chromosome?
Chromosome 21
Two organisms show the same dominant phenotype. Give two different genotypes they could have.
BB and Bb
What is the only mammal capable of true flight?
Bat