Respiratory System
Which gas does the body need to take in for cells to release energy?
Oxygen
What are the 3 components of Circulatory System
Blood, Heart, Blood Vessels
Which organ connects the Respiratory & Circulatory System
Lungs
What is an independent variable?
The variable that the scientist deliberately changes.
What type of graph is usually best for showing changes over time?
A line graph.
What is the name of the tube that carries air from the throat towards the lungs?
Trachea (windpipe)
How many chamebers does the heart have?
4
The respiratory system brings __________ into the body, and the circulatory system transports it to __________.
Finish the sentence
oxygen, cells/organs
Why should scientists repeat an experiment several times?
Repeating trials improves reliability and helps identify unusual results.
Which axis usually shows the independent variable?
X- Axis (horizontal)
What are alveoli?
Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs
What are two key ways to tell veins and arteries apart
Valves, Thickness, Blood Pressure
Explain why both the respiratory and circulatory systems are needed to supply body cells with oxygen.
The respiratory system brings oxygen into the lungs, while the circulatory system transports the oxygen in the blood to body cells.
What is an anomaly?
A result that is significantly different from the other results or expected pattern.
A graph shows breathing rate increasing from 15 breaths per minute at rest to 30 breaths per minute during exercise. By how many breaths per minute did the breathing rate increase?
30 − 15 = 15 breaths per minute
Why do humans need oxygen?
To create energy during respiration
Describe the pathway of blood as it moves through both left and right side of heart
Vena cava, RA, RV, Pul Arter, Lung, Pul Vein, LA, LV, Aorta, organs
Why are capillaries found close to the alveoli?
This allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to move efficiently between the lungs and blood.
A student investigates whether exercise increases breathing rate. Their results show breathing rate increased from 14 breaths per minute to 28 breaths per minute. Write a conclusion.
The results show that breathing rate increased during exercise. Therefore, the investigation supports the idea that exercise increases breathing rate.
A graph has the title "Results". Explain why this is not a good scientific graph title.
"Results" does not explain what was investigated. A scientific title should clearly describe the relationship being shown.
Describe pathway of air from Nose to alveoli
Nose/Mouth → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli.
Capilliaries line all the organs, what about their structure makes them good at exchanging nurtients
Thin walls, many of them, stuff passes throug
Explain why breathing and heart rate usually increase during exercise.
Muscles need more energy during exercise. Cells need more oxygen for cellular respiration and produce more carbon dioxide, so breathing and heart rate increase.
An investigation produces inconsistent results. Suggest two ways the student could improve reliability.
A graph shows that breathing rate increases during exercise and remains high for several minutes afterwards. Explain why breathing rate may remain elevated after exercise has stopped.
The body may still need extra oxygen and must remove extra carbon dioxide produced during exercise. The body is also returning to its normal conditions after physical activity.