Energy
Which method of heat transfer can travel through empty space?
Radiation
What is the gas and its symbol that humans need to breathe to survive?
oxygen - O
What is the name for molten rock beneath Earth's surface?
magma
What is the largest continent?
Asia
What is the variable that you deliberately change in an experiment called?
Independent Variable
In convection, does warm fluid generally rise or sink?
Rise
What force pulls objects towards Earth?
gravity
What are the three main types of plate boundaries?
Convergent, divergent and transform
What is the capital city of Australia?
Canberra
A student tests whether different amounts of fertiliser affect plant growth. What is the dependent variable?
plant growth
A metal spoon is left in a cup of hot tea. After a few minutes, the handle becomes hot. What type of heat transfer is mainly responsible?
Conduction
What is the function of a nucleus in a cell?
What is the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus called?
Epicentre
What imaginary line divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
Equator
Write a hypothesis for an experiment investigating whether the amount of water affects plant growth.
If a plant receives more water, then it will grow taller because water is needed for plant growth.
Explain why you can feel the warmth of a campfire even when you are not touching it.
Radiation — thermal energy travels from the fire as infrared radiation.
What is the name of the process plants use to convert light energy into chemical energy?
photosynthesis
Why do volcanoes and earthquakes commonly occur around tectonic plate boundaries?
Movement and interaction of tectonic plates cause earthquakes, while melting and movement of rock at certain boundaries can produce magma and volcanic activity.
What is the name of the process where rock is broken down and carried away by wind, water or ice?
Erosion
A student investigates whether temperature affects how quickly sugar dissolves. Name two variables that should be kept constant to make it a fair test.
Amount of sugar
Volume of water
Type of sugar
Stirring method/time
Container used