Industrial Revolution
In which country did the Industrial Revolution begin?
The Industrial Revolution first began in England
What does ANZAC stand for?
Australian New Zealand Army Corps
What term is used to describe the "deadlock" where neither side could make a significant breakthrough?
Stalemate: Where neither side can break through
What is the term given to the suppression or control of information during a conflict.
Censorship: The suppression or control of information.
On what date did the ANZACs land at the Gallipoli Peninsula?
ANZAC forces landed at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915
Explain two factors that explains why Great Britain was the first to industrialise.
[BONUS 100 POINTS FOR EACH ADDITIONAL FACTOR]
Reasons why Britain industrialised first:
Access to natural resources - coal
Supportive political conditions
Inventors received support
Natural protection (island)
Germany was most harshly impacted by the Treaty of Versailles.
What was the name given to the area of ground located between the two opposing front-line trenches?
No Man's Land: The space between enemy trenches
What was the outcome of the referendums to introduce conscription in Australia during WWI?
Both referendums to introduce conscription in Australia were defeated by the public vote.
Provide ONE reason why the Gallipoli campaign can be viewed as a FAILURE and ONE reason why it can be viewed as a SUCCESS.
Failure: Allied forces failed to achieve their military objectives and were forced to evacuate
Success: bravery of the soldiers led to the birth of the "Anzac Legend"
Which specific group benefited the most economically from this era?
Factory owners and industrialists benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution.
List four major factors (MAIN) that contributed to the outbreak of WWI.
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism.
What is the name of the set of trenches that was the main theatre of war during World War I?
The Western Front: A series of trenches that was the main theatre of war during WWI
What were TWO main goals of the Australian government's use of propaganda during WWI?
Reasons for using propaganda:
- Maintain morale and support of war
- Keep patriotism high
- Foster a hatred of the enemy
What were TWO battles that occurred during the Gallipoli campaign?
[BONUS 200 POINTS FOR EACH ADDITIONAL BATTLE]
Gallipoli battles:
- Battle of the Nek
- Battle of Lone Pine
- Battle of Chunuk Bair
- Battle of Krithia
- Battle of Sari Bair
In the context of the Industrial Revolution, what does the "Movement of People" refer to?
The "Movement of People" refers to the migration of workers from rural farms to urban industrial centres.
Identify TWO new technologies that were introduced in 1916 in an attempt to break the stalemate on the Western Front.
Tanks and poison gas were introduced in 1916 in an attempt to break the stalemate on the Western Front.
Explain TWO reasons why a stalemate developed in WWI.
Reasons for the development of stalemate:
- Failure of the Schlieffen Plan
- Impact of new technology (artillery)
- Lack of military tactical knowledge for this new form of warfare
How did Australian women’s roles change on the Home Front as a result of the war?
With thousands of men overseas, women entered the workforce in high numbers and took on significant roles in voluntary organisations, proving they could manage responsibilities previously reserved for men.
What were two primary reasons why the Allied forces decided to land at the Gallipoli Peninsula?
The goal of Allied forces at Gallipoli was to knock the Ottoman Empire out of the war and to open a vital supply route to Russia.
Who invented the "Spinning Jenny," which changed textile production?
James Hargreaves
The assassination of which person is described as the trigger for WWI? Explain how it led to the outbreak of war.
The person assassinated was Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne.
This event triggered the war because it activated the "Alliance System," where a local conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia forced major powers like Germany, Russia, and France to declare war to support their allies.
Analyse why the experience of the Western Front is often described as a "war of attrition."
Western Front fighting is described as a war of attrition as neither side could achieve a decisive breakthrough, the strategy shifted to wearing down the enemy’s manpower and resources until they eventually collapsed from exhaustion.
How did the high casualty rates from campaigns like Gallipoli change the debate over conscription in Australia?
As the number of volunteers dropped and the list of dead and wounded grew, the government argued that forcing men to enlist (conscription) was the only way to keep the Australian military at full strength.
Who was the primary British official and military planner responsible for the Gallipoli Campaign?
The official planner of the Gallipoli Campaign was Winston Churchill.