Core Issue
These are infectious diseases, such as measles, polio, and hepatitis B, that can be prevented through vaccination.
What are vaccine-preventable diseases?
This economic condition limits families’ ability to access vaccines, healthcare professionals, and immunization services.
What is poverty?
This UN agency is described as the global leader for youth immunization and the world’s largest vaccine buyer.
What is UNICEF?
These strategies focus on improving the production, storage, transportation, and delivery of vaccines.
What are supply chain strategies?
Developed countries may support these long-term investments because they build local healthcare skills, strengthen infrastructure, and expand diplomatic influence.
What are capacity-building programs?
This group is especially vulnerable to vaccine-preventable diseases because their immune systems are weaker than those of adults.
Who are children or youth?
These geographic disparities make vaccine delivery more difficult because rural areas often face longer travel distances, fewer facilities, and higher administration costs.
What are rural-urban disparities?
This public-private global health partnership works to increase vaccine access in poorer countries.
What is GAVI, the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization?
This system of temperature-controlled storage and transportation is necessary to keep vaccines safe and effective.
What is cold chain capacity?
Developing countries may prioritize this approach because it provides direct support such as vaccine delivery, logistical help, and healthcare assistance.
What is humanitarian aid?
This 1974 WHO-backed program helped African governments expand vaccination coverage for diseases such as diphtheria, measles, polio, and tuberculosis.
What is the Expanded Programme on Immunization?
This term refers to delayed acceptance or refusal of vaccines even when vaccination services are available
What is vaccine hesitancy?
This 2017 African Union pledge committed African heads of state to universal access to immunization.
What is the Addis Declaration on Immunization?
These traveling healthcare services can bring vaccines closer to schools, rural villages, and hard-to-reach communities.
What are mobile clinics or medical buses?
This short-term solution can immediately relieve vaccine shortages but does not replace the need for sustainable local production and supply chains.
What are vaccine donations or unused vaccine stockpiles?
Despite decades of immunization programs, about this fraction of children in Africa still do not receive basic vaccinations.
What is 1 in 5 children?
The briefing says this type of false or misleading information can reduce trust in vaccines and discourage parents from immunizing their children.
What is misinformation?
This initiative aims to strengthen Africa’s vaccine manufacturing capacity by incentivizing vaccine producers to supply vaccines to the continent.
What is the African Vaccine Manufacturing Accelerator?
These policies aim to increase vaccine acceptance by educating caregivers, mobilizing community leaders, and addressing misinformation.
What are demand-side policies?
Governments face this challenge when they must decide whether to fund immunization or spend limited money on other needs such as poverty reduction, infrastructure, or social services.
What are budgetary tradeoffs?
The briefing argues youth immunization affects not only health, but also these areas, including school attendance, workforce productivity, and national budgets.
What are economic and social well-being?
These frontline workers can worsen vaccine hesitancy if they themselves spread outdated information or conspiracy theories about vaccines.
Who are healthcare workers?
This UNICEF digital learning tool was launched to help young people promote vaccine acceptance and address misinformation in their communities.
What is FunDoo?
This controversial policy approach could require childhood vaccination through fines, school restrictions, or insurance penalties.
What are legal mandates for vaccination?
To address both access and acceptance, this three-part resolution strategy would strengthen vaccine delivery systems, build public confidence through education and community outreach, and use incentives or requirements to raise childhood vaccination rates.
What are supply-side, demand-side, and legal approaches?