Theory
Theorists
Methods
ESL Terms
Learning Styles
100

Classical conditioning

What is behaviorist theory? 

100

Zone of proximal development 

Who is Lev Vygotsky?

100

Uses roleplays and student speaking tasks

What is communicative language teaching (CLT)?

100

Speaking or writing

What are productive skills? 

100
Learns with images and charts

What is a visual learner? 

200

Social interaction and cooperative learning 

What is social constructivism? 

200

Input hypothesis  or   i+1  

Who is Stephen Krashen? 

200

Translation from first language to target language 

What is the Grammar Translation Method?  It is also called the Classical Method. 

200

Teaching academic language  CALP

What is cognitive academic language proficiency? 

200
Learns with audio books and podcasts.

What is an auditory learner? 

300

Relevant activities include review and revision 

What is cognitive theory? 

300

Stickers for good work in class

Who is B.F. Skinner? 

300

Uses English only in the classroom 

What is the Direct Method? 

300

Listening or reading

What are receptive skills? 

300

Prefers working with hands 

What is a tactile learner? 

400

Language is innate, a genetic predisposition to language. 

What is nativist theory? 

400

Language acquisition device 

Who is Noam Chomsky? 

400

Uses oral input with drills  

What is the audio-lingual method?

400
BICS

What is basic interpersonal communication skills? 

400

Prefers to learn with music 

What is Howard Gardner's musical intelligence? 

500
Praise and consequences 

What is behaviorist theory? 

500

Formal operational stage  Ages 11 to 16. 

Who is Jean Piaget? 

500

Uses a variety of instructional methods from several programs.

What is the eclectic method? 
500

Language acquisition stops before fluency is achieved

What is fossilization? 

500

Prefers to learn with natural objects 

What is Howard Gardner's naturalist multiple intelligence? 

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