Nucleic Acids
The type of nucleic acids that carries genetic information and is found in the nucleus.
What is DNA
The organelle where protein synthesis occurs
what is the ribosome
The process where mRNA s used to make proteins
what is translation
A change in a single nucleotide of DNA that can lead to a change in a protein
What is a point mutation
The central dogma states that genetic information flows in this direction
What is DNA to RNA to protein
This nucleic acid is involved in protein synthesis and has a single strand structure.
What is RNA
This molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome during transcription
what is tRNA
The enzyme responsible for synthesizing mRNA during transcription
what is RNA polymeres
This type of mutation results in different amino acid being inserted into a protein
What is a missense mutation
The process by which DNA is copied to form RNA
What is transcription
The sugar found in RNA
what is ribose
The term for the three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid
what is a codon
The structure that reads the codons on the mRNA and assembles the corresponding amino acids
what is the ribosome
This mutation occurs when a nucleotide is added or deleted, causing a shift in the reading frame
What is a frameshift mutation
The molecule that carries the genetic instructions from the DNA to the ribosome
What is mRNA
The process by which mRNA is created from a DNA template
what is transcription
The start codon for protein synthesis
what is AUG
The sequence of events in protein synthesis starting from DNA to final protein
What is transcription followed by translation
This type of mutation results in a premature stop codon
What is a nonsense mutation
The process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is used to assemble a protein
What is translation
This base is found in RNA but not in DNA
what is Uracil
The type of bond that forms between amino acids during protein synthesis
What is a peptide bond
The term describes the entire set of mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes working together to synthesize proteins
What is the translation machinery
A mutation that does not affect the protein's function, even though it changes the nucleotide sequence
The term for the entire process of creating proteins from DNA
What is gene expression