Evolution
Mistakes in DNA replication that result in differences in genes.
What is a mutation?
What is substrate?
The mass of protons + neutrons in an element
What is atomic weight?
Two linked monomers
What are disaccharides?
The process by which specific traits are chosen, and organisms with those traits will produce offspring that possess well-suited traits for their environment.
What is artificial selection?
A molecule with a dipole; one end has a positive charge while the other has a negative charge.
What is a polar molecule?
The rule explaining that atoms are "happiest" when they have 8 electrons in their outer shell.
What is the octet rule?
What is activation energy?
Map of evolutionary relatedness
What is phylogeny?
Molecules that share the same molecular formula but have different structures.
What are structural isomers?
The bond that joins atoms through electron sharing
What is a covalent bond?
Smallest individual unit, has properties of an element
What is an atom?
Bodily structures that stick around and are not weeded out by natural selection, "leftovers" of evolution
What are vestigial structures?
Used by animals to store glucose in the liver and in muscle tissue
What is glycogen?
The amount an atom wants or pulls electrons.
What is electronegativity?
Have a negative charge, determine chemical behavior
What are emergent properties?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine
What are the nucleotides that make up DNA?
Water pulls apart the ions in an ionic bond
What is dissociating?
A weak bond where the negative molecule interacts with a positive hydrogen molecule.
What is a hydrogen bond?