Russian tea
When was tea introduced to Russia, and what impact did it have on society?
Tea was introduced to Russia in 1638 when a Mongolian ruler gifted tea to Tsar Michael I. Initially a luxury available only to royalty and the wealthy due to its high cost, tea rapidly grew in popularity, forming trade routes and impacting the rise of trading dynasties and financial empires. By the end of the 18th century, tea accounted for 30% of all Russian imports from China, rising to 90% by the mid-19th century.
Who introduced tea to Great Britain, making it popular among the monarchs and the wealthy class?
Catherine of Braganza, a Portuguese princess.
What were the two primary types of tea on the Russian market, and how were they transported?
The two primary types of tea were "caravan tea" transported overland along the Great Tea Route (Kyakhta tea) and Cantonese tea, which was exported from China by sea and reached Russia through Europe. Transporting tea was dangerous, often resulting in robberies by "tea cutters," leading merchants to organize large groups of Siberian peasants to protect the cargo.
What distinguishes a formal English tea set, and what items does it typically include?
Fine bone china, porcelain, or silver; teapot, cups, saucers, creamer, and sugar bowl.
Describe the etiquette and traditions associated with Russian tea drinking.
Russian tea drinking involved specific etiquette. Tea was traditionally served from a samovar, and guests were handed cups with wishes for good health. Drinking tea was a calm affair; topics of contention were avoided, and conversations were heartfelt. Children were included but expected to adhere to certain rules, and the proper use of utensils was emphasized. Additionally, turning the cup over or placing a spoon in it indicated the end of the tea party.
Why did the upper class historically add milk last when drinking tea, especially in settings like Downton Abbey?
To showcase the use of the finest china, as inferior china cups were prone to cracking with hot tea.