All of the following are states of matter except ______.
energy
liquid
gas
solid
1. energy
Which of the following is not one of the four major elements in the human body?
Hydrogen
Calcium
Nitrogen
Oxygen
2. Calcium
Which of the following is not a compound?
H2O
NaCl
O2
C6H12O6
3. O2
Building muscle tissue is an example of which type of reaction?
Synthesis
Exchange
Decomposition
Catabolic
1. Synthesis
A steroid is an example of _________.
an inorganic compound
a lipid
a protein
a sugar
2. a lipid
Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are defined as ________.
matter
compounds
elements
protons
3. elements
The atomic number is always equal to the number of _______ in an atom.
protons
electrons
neutrons
protons and neutrons
1. Protons
The following are electrons in the electron shells of four atoms. Which atom would most likely be reactive?
2
2, 8
2, 8, 7
2, 8, 8
3. 2, 8, 7
All of the following affect the rate of a reaction except __________.
temperature
the concentration of reactants
particle size
density
4. density
Which of the following is not a function of water?
Body temperature regulation
Source of electrolytes
Universal solvent
Protection from mechanical damage
2. Source of electrolytes
Energy in action is defined as _______ energy.
chemical
kinetic
potential
ATP
2. kinetic
Isotopes have the same number of _______ but differ in the number of ________.
protons; electrons
protons; neutrons
electrons; neutrons
neutrons; protons
2. protons; neutrons
3. electrons; neutrons
An ionic bond is formed between _______.
two inert atoms
two cations
two anions
a cation and an anion
4. a cation and an anion
Bonds are broken during which type of reaction?
Catabolic
Anabolic
Synthesis
Endergonic
Catabolic
Which pH indicates a weak base?
2.0
6.8
7.4
11.0
3. 7.4
When you row a boat, your arms provide which type of energy?
Chemical
Potential
Mechanical
Electrical
3. Mechanical
If an atom gains an electron, the resulting charge of that atom is more _________.
positive
negative
neutral
It varies from atom to atom.
2. negative
Which type of bond is formed when electrons are shared unequally between atoms?
Polar covalent
Nonpolar covalent
Ionic
Hydrogen
Polar covalent
An enzyme is an example of a _________.
reactant
solute
catalyst
reaction
3. catalyst
Which of the following describes the tertiary structure of proteins?
Twisting and bending to form a more complex structure such as a helix
Two or more polypeptide chains aggregated to form a complex protein
The linear sequence of amino acids
4. α-helical or β-pleated regions of the polypeptide chain folded upon one another
4. α-helical or β-pleated regions of the polypeptide chain folded upon one another
When energy is converted from one form to another, some of the original energy is "lost" as ________.
heat
water
mechanical energy
electrons
1. Heat
Which spontaneously decompose into more stable atoms?
Radioisotopes
Elements
Isotopes
Colloids
Radioisotopes
Which of the following statements is true of solvents?
They are usually solids.
They are present in smaller amounts in a solution.
Water is the main solvent in the body.
They are tiny particles.
3. Water is the main solvent in the body.
Which substance is the primary energy-transferring molecule in the cell?
Glucose
Fat
Protein
ATP
4. ATP
A substance that dissociates into cations and hydroxyl ions is __________.
an acid
a base
a salt
an electrolyte
2. a base